相关实验视频
Updated: Jun 30, 2025

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Design and Construction of an Urban Runoff Research Facility
Published on: August 8, 2014
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低影响城市洪水风险的开发实践的效率评估
Sara Ayoubi Ayoublu1, Mehdi Vafakhah1, Hamid Reza Pourghasemi2
1Department of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran Province, Iran.
Journal of environmental management
|March 14, 2024
概括
本研究使用MCDM和数据挖掘绘制了雪拉兹城市洪水风险的地图. 低影响开发 (LID) 实践有效地减少了较小降雨事件的洪水风险,但随着降雨强度的增加,它们的影响会减少.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 城市规划 城市规划
- 地理信息系统 (GIS) 是指地理信息系统.
背景情况:
- 城市洪水风险评估对于有效的洪水管理和人口密地区的风险减轻至关重要.
- 希拉兹市第4区面临重大城市洪水风险,需要详细的脆弱性和危险映射.
- 探索低影响开发 (LID) 实践,作为减少城市洪水风险的战略.
研究的目的:
- 为希拉兹市第四区创建洪水风险地图.
- 评估LID实践在减轻城市洪水风险方面的有效性.
- 确定影响城市洪水危险和脆弱性的关键因素.
主要方法:
- 利用多标准决策 (MCDM) 模型 (TOPSIS,VIKOR) 和数据挖掘 (RF) 进行洪水脆弱性和危险评估.
- 使用GIS进行主题层的空间分析,包括降雨量,土地使用,海拔和水文因素.
- 使用风暴水管理模型 (SWMM) 模拟城市洪水,以在各种降雨情景下评估LID的有效性.
主要成果:
- 该研究确定该地区37.8%的地区具有高至非常高的洪水风险.
- 随机森林 (RF) 模型在危险映射中表现出高准确性,曲线数,土地使用和高度是关键因素.
- 低降水指标实践在降雨事件中表现出有效性,回归周期小于10年,在试点区域实现了节点洪水减少2-22.8%.
结论:
- 通过MCDM和数据挖掘模型,特别是RF-VIKOR和RF-TOPSIS,可以准确地确定高风险的洪水区域.
- 临床防灾实践为减少洪水风险提供了可行的解决方案,特别是在频繁,低强度的降雨事件中.
- 结合数据驱动模型和物理模拟的综合方法对于强大的城市洪水风险管理至关重要.
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