牛生产策略提供蛋白质,用更少的土地和更低的环境影响
Daniel Henn1, Colm Duffy2, James Humphreys3
1Bernal Institute, School of Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Ryan Institute, School of Biological & Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
Journal of environmental management
|March 14, 2024
概括
转向爱尔兰的奶牛可以节省大量的草地,但减少牛的总数是环境收益的关键. 改善草原管理可以恢复林业和湿地的土地.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 土地使用管理 土地使用管理
背景情况:
- 全球土地资源受到畜牧业生产的压力,爱尔兰的农业,林业和其他土地利用 (AFOLU) 部门对国家温室气体 (GHG) 排放做出了重大贡献.
- 牛和羊的牧场主导着爱尔兰的土地使用 (约. 60%),强调了可持续实践的必要性.
- 现有的土地转型目标往往缺乏具体的土地节约战略.
研究的目的:
- 开发和应用草原动物响应模型 (GLAM) 来评估不同AFOLU配置对环境的影响.
- 在爱尔兰牛奶和牛肉生产系统中确定节约土地的战略.
- 评估改善土地管理的潜力,以支持环境目标.
主要方法:
- 开发草原动物响应模型 (GLAM) 以将牲畜需求与农场草原面积联系起来.
- 对牛奶和牛肉生产和管理的10个不同的场景进行分析.
- 在每个场景中量化土地节约,蛋白质产量和环境影响 (温室气体,氨,营养物质出).
主要成果:
- 用奶牛取代牛肉增加了蛋白质产量,节省了高达0.75万公的草原,进口料略有增加.
- 减少屠宰年龄,出口雄性奶牛犊,提高牛肉养殖场效率,每项都节省了0.19-0.32万公.
- 温室气体排放,氨和营养物质泄露的大幅减少只能通过减少牛群的总数来实现.
结论:
- 改善草原和牲畜管理,特别是减少牲畜数量,对于实现爱尔兰的环境目标至关重要.
- 节省土地的战略,比如转向乳制品或优化牛肉生产,可以为林业和湿地恢复释放土地.
- 这些土地利用变化对于产生可扩展的二氧化碳吸收和应对全球环境挑战至关重要.
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