食物环境和心血管疾病:来自健康和退休研究的证据
Yeonwoo Kim1, Joseph Rangel2, Natalie Colabianchi3
1Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas; School of Social Work, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas.
American journal of preventive medicine
|March 14, 2024
概括
进入杂货店和全方位服务餐厅的影响心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险根据种族/种族和教育而不同. 这些食品环境因素对公共卫生政策至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 心血管健康 心血管健康
背景情况:
- 住宅食品环境显著影响心血管健康结果.
- 以前的研究经常使用短期数据,并没有考虑食品环境的动态变化.
- 本研究通过检查时间变化的食物环境及其对心血管疾病 (CVD) 的影响来解决这些局限性.
研究的目的:
- 调查时间变化的健康和不健康的食品环境对发生心血管疾病 (CVD) 的十年影响.
- 探索教育水平和种族/种族在食品环境和心血管疾病之间的关联中可能起到的缓和作用.
- 为公共卫生政策提供有关食品环境和心血管健康的见解.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自10413名参与者的健康和退休研究 (2006-2016) 的数据.
- 采用Cox比例危险建模与反向概率权重来分析时间变化的食品环境措施 (例如,杂货店,餐馆).
- 评估了食品环境变量与教育/种族/种族之间的相互作用.
主要成果:
- 超级中心/俱乐部商店的密度较高与非西班牙裔黑人和西班牙裔老年人心血管疾病风险降低 (6%-8%) 有关,但非西班牙裔白人成年人没有.
- 增加全方位服务餐厅的密度与13年以上学历的人群中心血管疾病风险降低10%有关.
- 对于快餐店或杂货店,在所有组中都没有发现显著的关联.
结论:
- 食物环境对心血管健康有复杂的,不同的影响,取决于它们的类型和人口的人口统计特征.
- 公共政策制定者必须考虑食品环境的具体组成部分及其与社会经济因素的相互作用,以促进心血管健康.
- 针对食物获取和可用性的定制干预措施可能是必要的,以减轻不同人群中的心血管疾病风险.
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