饮食酸盐教育材料治疗儿科慢性病:混乱的信息是否减少了它们的影响?
Louise McAlister1, Vanessa Shaw2, Rukshana Shroff3
1Dietetics, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
概括
对于10岁以下的儿童,慢性病的儿科酸盐教育材料往往太复杂了. 许多资源缺乏实用建议,并包含不准确的信息,可能会使家庭感到困惑.
科学领域:
- 儿科脏病学 儿科脏病学
- 卫生识字 卫生识字
- 患者教育 患者教育
背景情况:
- 酸盐管理在儿科慢性病 (CKD) 中至关重要.
- 有效的教育材料对于患者和护理人员遵守饮食建议至关重要.
- 现有材料的质量和与指导方针的一致性需要评估.
研究的目的:
- 评估儿童CKD酸盐教育材料的质量和内容.
- 评估材料的健康素养要求和可读性.
- 将材料内容与已建立的儿科脏营养工作组 (PRNT) 建议进行比较.
主要方法:
- 基于文本 (TB) 的儿科酸盐教育材料使用材料适用性评估 (SAM) 和患者教育材料评估工具 (PEMAT-P) 进行了评估.
- 使用Flesch阅读易度和Flesch-Kincaid等级水平来评估可读性.
- 内容分析涉及诱导编码和与PRNT指南进行比较.
主要成果:
- 在28个结核病材料中,有32%的目标是照顾者,25%是儿童. 大多数都是两岁以上的.
- 可读性得分表明,这些材料适合护理人员使用,但对10岁以下的儿童来说可能过于复杂.
- 材料往往缺乏摘要,相关图形和实用建议;超过三分之一的内容不准确,建议有时与PRNT指南相冲突.
结论:
- 目前针对儿科慢性瘤的结核酸教育材料通常适合护理人员,但可能超过幼儿的理解水平.
- 行动能力低,内容不准确/与PRNT建议不一致,这可能会给家庭带来相互矛盾的信息.
- 建议通过相关插图改进材料设计,并确保与PRNT准则保持一致.
相关概念视频
01:22Renal Drug Excretion: Effect of Urine pH, Flow Rate, and Drug pKa
166
The pH of urine, the drug's pKa, and the urine flow rate are vital parameters for drug reabsorption and excretion. Urinary pH varies between 4.6 and 8.0 and is influenced by diet, drug intake, and the patient's pathophysiology. It affects a drug's ionization state and reabsorption. For instance, carbohydrate-rich food produces alkaline urine promoting drug excretion, while proteins and certain medications like ascorbic acid lead to acidic urine enhancing reabsorption.
The pKa of a...
The pKa of a...
166
01:21The Phosphorus Cycle
36.8K
Unlike carbon, water, and nitrogen, phosphorus is not present in the atmosphere as a gas. Instead, most phosphorus in the ecosystem exists as compounds, such as phosphate ions (PO43-), found in soil, water, sediment and rocks. Phosphorus is often a limiting nutrient (i.e., in short supply). Consequently, phosphorus is added to most agricultural fertilizers, which can cause environmental problems related to runoff in aquatic ecosystems.
36.8K
01:11Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments
88
In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
88
02:54Protein Kinases and Phosphatases
13.1K
Proteins undergo chemical modifications that trigger changes in the charge, structure, and conformation of the proteins. Phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, nitrosylation, ubiquitination, lipidation, methylation, and proteolysis are various protein modifications that regulate protein activity. Such modifications are usually enzyme-driven.
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
13.1K
01:31Essential Minerals for Bone Health
3.9K
The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
3.9K
01:28Antihypertensive Drugs: Potassium-Sparing Diuretics
534
Liddle syndrome is a genetically inherited form of hypertension characterized by the overactivity of epithelial sodium channels in the nephron, the functional unit of the kidney. This heightened activity leads to increased sodium reabsorption and excessive excretion of potassium. To counteract this, potassium-sparing diuretics such as amiloride are used. They function by blocking these sodium channels, thereby reducing the influx of sodium into the epithelial cells and minimizing the loss of...
534