语言工作记忆作为ADHD学龄前儿童词汇问题的纵向机制
Monica L Gremillion1, Tess E Smith1, Michelle M Martel2
1Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, 111G Kastle Hall, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment
|March 15, 2024
概括
幼儿的词汇技能差可能预测注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 症状. 这种联系部分是由口头工作记忆 (WM) 解释的,这表明WM干预可以帮助早期ADHD支持.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 儿童精神病学 儿童精神病学
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
背景情况:
- 早期发现注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 对于及时干预至关重要.
- 语言技能延迟,特别是词汇不足,是ADHD的潜在早期风险因素.
- 确切的认知机制将糟糕的词汇与ADHD症状联系在一起仍在调查中.
研究的目的:
- 检查贫困的词汇技能和幼儿的多动症症状之间的关系.
- 研究语言工作记忆 (WM) 在词汇-ADHD关联中的调解作用.
- 评估这些关系在一年的随访期间的稳定性.
主要方法:
- 研究包括109名3-6岁的儿童及其主要照顾者.
- 通过使用家长和教师/托儿所提供者的评级表格来评估ADHD症状.
- 通过实验室任务测量童年词汇和口头工作记忆 (WM).
主要成果:
- 调解分析显示,语言工作记忆不良显著部分解释了词汇不良和ADHD症状之间的关联.
- 这种调解效应在父母和教师报告的ADHD症状中都被观察到.
- 语言WM对词汇-ADHD联系的影响在一年的随访中保持一致.
结论:
- 语言工作记忆 (WM) 在早期的词汇缺乏和后来ADHD症状之间的关系中发挥着部分调解作用.
- 在早期干预中针对口头WM可能会提供一种新的方法来支持患有ADHD风险的儿童.
- 这些发现强调了解决ADHD发展途径中的认知因素的重要性.
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