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灾难性的风暴,森林干扰,和斯温森的自然历史
1Department of Vertebrate Zoology MRC-116, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution Washington DC USA.
Ecology and evolution
|March 15, 2024
概括
龙卷风和风为斯温森 (Limnothlypis swainsonii) 创造了重要的早期连续性森林息地. 了解这些自然干扰是保护这种罕见物种的关键.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 鸟类学 鸟类学是一门学科.
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 自然干扰制度 自然干扰制度
背景情况:
- 斯温森 (Limnothlypis swainsonii) 的繁殖范围是一个全球罕见的物种,在北美的龙卷风频率高的地区有明显的重叠.
- 自然干扰的作用,特别是龙卷风,在塑造干扰依赖物种如斯温森鱼的繁殖息地,历史上一直被低估.
研究的目的:
- 估计自1950年至2021年期间斯温森的记录繁殖范围内的龙卷风频率和相关森林干扰.
- 分析风频率在鸟繁殖范围内的不同地区的空间变化.
- 评估自然干扰 (龙卷风和风) 对创造必要的早期连续性森林息地的潜在贡献.
主要方法:
- 龙卷风频率数据 (EF1-EF5) 为1988年至2014年期间记录有斯温森鸟繁殖活动的县和教区编制.
- 分析包括计算中位回报间隔和估计一个世纪以来每单位面积的森林损害.
- 风暴频率的比较在繁殖范围内的不同地理区域,包括沿海平原,山脉和内陆低地.
主要成果:
- 龙卷风的频率在繁殖范围中变化了六倍,在墨西哥湾沿岸州 (例如,东德克萨斯州到阿拉巴马州) 观察到的频率最高,回归间隔为5.4年/1000平方公里.
- 龙卷风在山脉的北部和东部不太频繁,大西洋沿海平原 (9.1年/1000公里2),奥扎克山脉 (10.2年/1000公里2) 和阿巴拉契亚山脉 (32.3年/1000公里) 的返回间隔较长.
- 靠近海岸的繁殖县也经历了高风频率,尽管数据限制阻止了对风引起的森林损害的准确估计.
结论:
- 在人类前时代的龙卷风和风的联合影响可能创造了一个动态的早期连续性森林的马赛克,这对斯温森的鸟繁殖至关重要.
- 为了有效地保护这种罕见的,需要有息地管理计划,这些息地管理计划需要整合自然灾难性风暴和人为活动驱动的早期连续森林动态的数据.
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