针对多主题的联合学习:帕金森病的绩效评估
Benjamin P Danek1,2,3, Mary B Makarious4,5,6, Anant Dadu2,3
1Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA.
Patterns (New York, N.Y.)
|March 15, 2024
概括
联合学习 (FL) 允许机器学习 (ML) 模型进行协作训练,用于多omics 帕金森病预测,显示接近中央训练的性能. 样本分散影响FL模型的有效性.
科学领域:
- 计算生物学是一种计算生物学.
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
背景情况:
- 在omics中的机器学习 (ML) 应用受到数据访问的限制.
- 联合学习 (FL) 为跨机构的协作数据策划提供了一个解决方案.
- 帕金森病 (PD) 研究可以从应用到多omics数据的先进ML技术中受益.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较FL训练模型与经典训练ML模型的性能,用于多omics PD预测.
- 评估联邦内部样本分散对FL模型性能的影响.
- 突出应用FL在多主题研究中的挑战和机遇.
主要方法:
- 使用FL训练的多个ML模型的模拟性能评估.
- 与使用传统集中方法训练的ML模型进行比较.
- 实施了几个开源的FL框架.
- 分析多omics数据用于帕金森病的预测.
主要成果:
- FL模型的性能与中央训练的ML模型的性能非常相似.
- 性能最好的FL模型的AUC-PR为0.876±0.009,仅略低于其集中式对应的AUC-PR.
- 联邦内部的样本分散有很大影响FL模型的性能.
结论:
- 联合学习是一种可行的方法,可以在多学科研究中训练高性能ML模型,即使使用分布式数据集.
- 在帕金森病等敏感研究领域,FL可以减轻数据访问限制.
- 基于数据分散的优化FL策略的进一步研究是有必要的.
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