研究两种与RHA1Rhodococcus jostii中的多糖生物合成相关的糖转移酶
Antonela Estefania Cereijo1, María Victoria Ferretti1, Alberto Alvaro Iglesias1
1Laboratorio de Enzimología Molecular, 603337 Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (UNL-CONICET) & Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas , Santa Fe, Argentina.
Biological chemistry
|March 15, 2024
概括
研究人员研究了来自Rhodococcus jostii参与糖原合成的两个酶RjoGlgAb和RjoGlgAc. 这些酶表现出不同的活动和偏好,为 Rhodococcus 细菌中的多糖生物合成提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 微生物学和生物化学
- 酶学和糖原代谢 糖原代谢
背景情况:
- 细菌属Rhodococcus表现出油性质,是生物燃料前体的重要生产者.
- 脂质和糖原代谢在rhodococcus中相互连接,需要了解碳分区路径.
- 在糖分重定向到储存分子中的关键酶化步骤的识别对于理解Rhodococcus碳分区至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析来自Rhodococcus jostii的两种GT4糖转移酶RjoGlgAb和RjoGlgAc的酶活性.
- 调查这些酶在糖原合成中的涉嫌参与.
- 描述RjoGlgAb和RjoGlgAc的动力特性和基质特异性.
主要方法:
- 在大肠杆菌中生产和净化RjoGlgAb和RjoGlgAc酶.
- 净化酶的动态特征.
- 分析作为糖原合成酶和马尔托-1P合成酶的酶活性.
主要成果:
- 无论是RjoGlgAb还是RjoGlgAc,都表现出正规的糖原合成酶活性和马尔-1P合成酶活性,效率各不相同.
- 在葡萄糖-1P和葡萄糖胺-1P的葡萄糖化中,RjoGlgAc显示出高效率,类似于菌根菌的GlgM.
- 对于两种活动,RjoGlgAb表现出相似的动力效率,以及对短分支α-1,4-葡萄糖的偏好,具有独特的超寡合体构造.
结论:
- 具有特征的甘氨基转移酶在 Rhodococcus 中的多糖生物合成中起着不同的作用.
- RjoGlgAc作为一种强大的马尔托-1P合成酶,而RjoGlgAb在不同的基质上具有类似的效率,并形成了一个新的超级寡合体.
- 这些发现为Rhodococcus物种中多糖的生物合成提供了酶学见解.
相关概念视频
Protein Glycosylation
6.9K
Glycosylation, the most common post-translational modification for proteins, serves diverse functions. Adding sugars to proteins makes the proteins more resistant to proteolytic digestion. Glycosylated proteins can act as markers and receptors to promote cell-cell adhesion. Additionally, they have many essential quality control functions in the cell, such as correct protein folding and facilitating transport of misfolded proteins to the cytosol, which can be degraded.
Glycosylation occurs in...
Glycosylation occurs in...
6.9K
Oligosaccharide Assembly
2.8K
Protein glycosylation starts in the ER lumen and continues in the Golgi apparatus. Glycosyltransferases catalyze the addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins. Usually, these enzymes add sugars to the hydroxyl groups of selected serine or threonine residues to form O-linked glycans or the amino groups of asparagine residues to form N-linked glycans. Different positions on the same polypeptide chain can contain differently linked glycans.
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
2.8K
Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides
3.6K
Every plant cell has a cell wall that protects the cell, provides structural support, and gives the cell shape. Cellulose, the main structural component of the plant cell wall, makes up over 30% of plant matter. It is the most abundant organic compound on earth. Cellulose is an unbranched polysaccharide composed of linear chains of glucose molecules linked by β (1→4) glycosidic bonds.
As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to its type. For example, the...
As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to its type. For example, the...
3.6K
Membrane Carbohydrates
5.4K
The plasma membrane is a dynamic barrier composed of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. It is the epicenter of many cellular processes required for cell growth and survival. Carbohydrates have unique structural and chemical properties that help the plasma membrane to carry out its functions effectively.
Membrane carbohydrates do not have any hydrophobic region and are exclusively located on the cell's outer surface. The addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins happens in...
Membrane carbohydrates do not have any hydrophobic region and are exclusively located on the cell's outer surface. The addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins happens in...
5.4K
Chemistry of Carbohydrates
72.5K
Carbohydrates are an essential part of the diet in humans and animals. Grains, fruits, and vegetables are natural sources of carbohydrates that provide energy to the body, particularly through glucose, a simple sugar that is a component of starch and an ingredient in many staple foods. The stoichiometric formula (CH2O)n, where n is the number of carbons in the molecule represents carbohydrates. In other words, the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen is 1:2:1 in carbohydrate molecules. This...
72.5K
Proteoglycans
3.9K
Glycans, a class of complex heterogeneous molecules, can be covalently attached to proteins to form glycosylated proteins that regulate various physiological and pathological processes. Glycosylated proteins or glycoproteins comprise N-linked and O-linked oligosaccharides. O-glycosylation is the most common type of protein glycosylation. Here, glycans attach to the oxygen atom of the hydroxyl groups of Serine or Threonine residues. O-linked glycosylation occurs later in protein processing,...
3.9K


