认知功能轨迹的性别差异及其在老年人中的决定因素:来自中国纵向健康寿命调查的证据
Lihui Tu1,2, Xiaozhen Lv3, Changzheng Yuan4
1The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
International journal of geriatric psychiatry
|March 15, 2024
概括
中国的老年女性比男性更快地经历认知衰退. 年龄,教育和健康状况等因素影响认知轨迹,为大脑健康提供有针对性的干预措施.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 认知能力下降是全球人口老龄化的一个重大问题.
- 了解认知轨迹的性别特异性对于有效的干预至关重要.
- 中国人口快速老龄化为认知健康研究带来了独特的挑战.
研究的目的:
- 研究中国老年人认知轨迹的性别差异.
- 确定与男性和女性认知能力下降相关的决定因素.
- 为促进老龄人口大脑健康的性别特定策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 利用来自中国长度健康长寿调查 (2008-2018) 的数据,对60岁以上的2230名女性和2171名男性进行了调查.
- 使用中文版本的迷你精神状态检查 (MMSE) 评估认知功能.
- 采用基于小组的轨迹建模和后勤回归来分析认知变化和相关因素.
主要成果:
- 确定了三个认知轨迹:稳定,缓慢下降和两性迅速下降.
- 与男性 (8.1%,6.6%) 相比,女性表现出缓慢和快速认知衰退的更高患病率 (14.7%,11.0%).
- 较低的基线MMSE,年龄较大,教育程度较低和健康状况较差与两性认知能力下降有关;更长的睡眠 (>9h) 和运动是女性的显著因素.
结论:
- 在这个中国群体中,女性表现出比男性更明显的认知衰退.
- 已识别的决定因素为预防认知衰退的性别特定干预提供了潜在的目标.
- 这些发现对低收入和面临人口老龄化的发展中国家尤为重要.
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