在水滴中形成反应性氧物种的依赖于相对湿度
Mohammad Mofidfar1, Masoud A Mehrgardi1,2, Yu Xia1
1Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.
概括
这项研究表明,相对湿度显著影响水微滴中的活性氧物种 (ROS) 生产. 较高的湿度会增加ROS,这可能解释了空气传播病毒感染的季节性变化.
科学领域:
- 大气化学 大气化学
- 气溶科学 气溶科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 空气传播病毒对健康构成重大风险,感染率表现为季节性模式.
- 大气条件,特别是相对湿度 (RH) 在病毒生存和消毒中的作用尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究在不同相对湿度下的水微滴中反应性氧物种 (ROS) 的形成.
- 阐明ROS生产背后的机制及其与RH的关系.
- 根据ROS动态来解释空气传播病毒感染的观察到的季节性.
主要方法:
- 在一个可调RH的控制室中产生了水微滴.
- 过氧化 (H2O2) 度是使用核磁共振 (NMR) 和光谱测量测试来测量的.
- 用质谱和电子磁共振 (EPR) 光谱检测了水合基,超氧化基离子和基.
- 使用二氧化 (D2O) 来追踪ROS的起源.
主要成果:
- 微滴中的H2O2度随着RH从15%增加到50%显著增加,然后平稳.
- 质谱测试证实,周围空气中的水蒸气是ROS产生的主要来源.
- 在较高的RH下观察到滴水蒸发的减少,加上ROS的增加.
结论:
- 相对湿度是产生ROS在水微滴中的关键因素.
- 这些发现为为什么病毒在低RH (冬季) 条件下更好地生存,而在高RH (夏季) 条件下更有效地无活化提供了机械解释.
- 这项研究澄清了空气传播病毒传播的季节性.
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