相关实验视频
Updated: Jul 12, 2026

08:08
Cardiopulmonary Bypass in a Mouse Model: A Novel Approach
Published on: September 22, 2017
10.9K
在静脉外体膜氧化过程中血液流动和栓塞运输模式:一项计算流体动力学研究
Mehrdad Khamooshi1, Avishka Wickramarachchi1, Tim Byrne2
1Cardio-Respiratory Engineering and Technology Laboratory (CREATElab), Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, 3800, Victoria, Australia.
Computers in biology and medicine
|March 15, 2024
概括
静脉外体膜氧化 (VA-ECMO) 支持水平显著影响血液氧化和栓塞风险,而管大小对氧气分配的影响最小. 计算流体动力学显示,较高的支水平可以改善身体上部的氧化,但会增加来自左心室的脑栓塞风险.
科学领域:
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 心血管生理学心血管生理学
- 医疗模拟 医疗模拟
背景情况:
- 静脉外体膜氧化 (VA-ECMO) 对于治疗严重的心脏功能障碍至关重要,但持续的死亡率与神经问题和器官缺血等并发症有关.
- 在VA-ECMO中,非生理性流动力学,特别是逆行氧化血流,会损害上肢氧化,导致高氧化.
研究的目的:
- 通过计算流体动力学 (CFD) 研究VA-ECMO支水平和动脉回归管大小对血液流动动力学和栓塞运输的影响.
- 通过分析不同支条件下的氧气运输和栓塞模式来预测和理解与VA-ECMO相关的并发症.
主要方法:
- 从VA-ECMO.患者的CT扫描中创建了特定患者的大动脉和主要分支的3D模型.
- 使用CFD模拟,包括物种运输和离散粒子跟踪,分析来自不同来源的血液混合和栓塞运动.
- 模拟用两种管大小 (15 Fr 和 19 Fr) 和三种流率 (50%,70%,90%的心力输出) 进行.
主要成果:
- 管的大小对氧气分配有很小的影响,但影响了来自电路和大动脉壁的栓塞分布.
- 在大动脉门远处的动脉中,氧和率在90%的VA-ECMO支持下达到100%,在较低的支持水平下降到73%.
- 栓塞传输因起源和支水平而有显著差异;脑栓塞的最高风险来自左心室,在90%的支下,使用15F管.
结论:
- VA-ECMO支持水平是血液混合,氧化和心血管栓塞风险的主要决定因素.
- 动脉回归管的大小起到次要作用,主要影响来自非心脏源的栓塞分布.
- 优化VA-ECMO支持水平对于平衡氧气输送和减轻栓塞风险至关重要.
相关概念视频
Blood Flow
Blood is pumped by the heart into the aorta, the largest artery in the body, and then into increasingly smaller arteries, arterioles, and capillaries. The velocity of blood flow decreases with increased cross-sectional blood vessel area. As blood returns to the heart through venules and veins, its velocity increases. The movement of blood is encouraged by smooth muscle in the vessel walls, the movement of skeletal muscle surrounding the vessels, and one-way valves that prevent backflow.
Autoregulation of Blood Flow
Autoregulation mechanisms are characterized by their inherent capacity for self-regulation without necessitating specific nervous stimulation or endocrine control. These mechanisms facilitate the adjustment of blood flow and, therefore, perfusion specific to each tissue region. This self-regulation encompasses chemical signals and myogenic controls.
Chemical Signaling in Autoregulation
Chemical signaling operates at the precapillary sphincter level, inciting either contraction or relaxation.
Chemical Signaling in Autoregulation
Chemical signaling operates at the precapillary sphincter level, inciting either contraction or relaxation.
Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Blood Flow-Limited Versus Diffusion-Limited Models
Physiological pharmacokinetic models, often called flow-limited or perfusion models, typically assume a swift drug distribution between tissue and venous blood, creating a rapid drug equilibrium. This premise is based on the idea that drug diffusion is extremely fast, and the cell membrane presents no barrier to drug permeation. In this scenario, where no drug binding occurs, the drug concentration in the tissue equals that of the venous blood leaving the tissue. This greatly simplifies the...
Applications of Integration to Find Blood Flow
Blood flow through a cylindrical blood vessel can be mathematically described using the principles of laminar flow, a regime in which fluid moves smoothly in parallel layers. In this model, the velocity of the blood is not uniform across the cross-section of the vessel; rather, it varies with the radial distance from the center. The maximum velocity occurs along the central axis, decreasing progressively toward the vessel walls, where it reaches zero due to viscous drag.Approximating Blood...

