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了解偏远岛屿海洋垃圾的来源:加拉帕戈斯群岛作为一个案例研究

Alba Benito-Kaesbach¹, Jenifer Suárez-Moncada², Alfonso Velastegui²

¹Department of Ecology, University of Alicante, PO Box 99, E-03080, Alicante, Spain.

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)

|March 15, 2024

概括

塑料瓶是加拉帕戈斯岛海海洋垃圾的主要来源,主要来自秘鲁和中国. 减少这种污染需要解决陆地来源和船舶倾倒问题.

科学领域:

海洋生物学海洋生物学
环境科学环境科学
保护科学保护科学

背景情况:

海洋垃圾是一个日益严重的全球环境问题.
塑料瓶是海洋污染和沙垃圾的重要贡献者.
像加拉帕戈斯群岛这样的偏远地区对于追踪垃圾来源非常有价值.

研究的目的:

为了量化在偏远的加拉帕戈斯海上塑料瓶的丰富性.
为了确定这种海洋垃圾的地理来源.
了解加拉帕戈斯群岛塑料瓶污染的途径.

主要方法:

在2018年至2022年期间,从60个偏远的加拉帕戈斯海系统收集塑料瓶.
瓶子原产地 (国家) 和类型的分析 (例如,聚乙烯四甲酸).
根据每100米的瓶子密度估计的污染水平.

主要成果:

76%的被调查的海受到严重污染 (>34瓶·100米-1).
大多数发现的塑料瓶来自秘鲁 (71%),中国 (17%) 和厄瓜多尔 (9%).
聚乙烯四甲酸盐瓶 (88%) 是最常见的,表明远处的来源,船只倾倒疑似一些国际和本地垃圾.

结论:

海洋垃圾,特别是塑料瓶,对加拉帕戈斯群岛的生态系统构成重大威胁.
主要来源来自南美洲的陆地,而船只倾倒也是一个因素.
缓解策略必须包括减少陆地塑料泄漏,并执行对海洋倾倒的法规.

关键词:

来自船舶的倾销.加拉帕戈斯群岛是加拉帕戈斯群岛的一个群岛.基于陆地的来源.海洋垃圾是海洋垃圾.塑料污染塑料污染的原因

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