乳头形状与荷尔斯坦乳牛双模乳喷射之间的关联
M Wieland1, M E Spellman1, H Somula1
1Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.
Journal of dairy science
|March 15, 2024
概括
乳房的形状会影响荷尔斯坦牛的牛奶流动. 与乳圆的奶牛相比,平面乳末的奶牛更有可能经历双模式,一种不均的乳汁释放模式.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 乳制品生产 乳制品生产
- 兽医医学 兽医医学 兽医医学
背景情况:
- 乳房形状是影响乳母奶奶牛效率和乳房健康的潜在因素.
- 了解乳房形态对牛奶流动动力学的影响,对于优化奶牛场管理至关重要.
- 双通道性,以非线性牛奶流量为特征,可以影响哺乳时间和乳房卫生.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究各种乳头形状与荷尔斯坦乳牛的牛奶流动特征之间的关联.
- 为了确定乳头形状是否与牛奶双方式,增量牛奶流量和峰值牛奶流量相关.
- 为了识别可能预测更高的牛奶流动双模式的可能性的乳头形状.
主要方法:
- 一项前性队列研究分析了2520头荷尔斯坦牛的220,928次奶观察,持续了31天.
- 乳房形状在视觉上被分为四类:三角/尖 (TP),方形/圆 (SR),方形/圆/平口 (SRF) 和方形/平面 (SF).
- 牛奶流量 (增量和峰值) 用电子农场牛奶表测量;双模式由特定的流量模式定义.
主要成果:
- 在乳头形状类别中观察到双模式概率的显著差异.
- 拥有方形桶和平面乳头末端 (SF) 和方形桶,圆形乳头末端和平面孔 (SRF) 的奶牛显示出更高的牛奶流量.
- 与SR类别相比,SF (1.96) 和SRF (1.46) 乳头形状的双模性概率更高.
- 与TP (5.1 kg/min) 和SR (5.3 kg/min) 相比,SF (5.8 kg/min) 和SRF (5.6 kg/min) 的牛奶峰值流量最高.
结论:
- 乳房形状与荷尔斯坦牛的牛奶流动模式有关,包括双模式.
- 平的乳头 (SF和SRF类别) 与更高的牛奶双方式可能性和潜在的更快的挤奶有关.
- 乳房形状可以作为一种有用的表型来识别容易出现牛奶流动双模式的奶牛,有助于群体管理.
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