相关实验视频
Updated: Jun 30, 2025

08:12
Experimental Methods to Study Human Postural Control
Published on: September 11, 2019
9.5K
在盲人个体中神经控制姿势
I Helmich1,2, R Gemmerich3
1Department of Sport Science, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany. i.helmich@dshs-koeln.de.
Brain topography
|March 16, 2024
概括
盲人在感觉运动皮质中表现出高度的大脑激活,用于姿势控制,这表明感官集成得到了增强. 这种适应弥补了视觉输入的缺乏,改善了没有视觉的平衡.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 人体生理学 人体生理学
- 感官整合 感官整合
背景情况:
- 姿势控制依赖于整合感官信息,视觉对有视力的人来说起着关键作用.
- 盲人必须通过利用其他感官来平衡来弥补视觉输入的缺失.
- 感官运动皮质对于处理体感官信息和执行姿势的运动指令至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在姿势控制过程中调查盲人和有视力的个体在感觉运动皮质中的大脑激活模式.
- 为了确定盲人是否表现出因对体感官信息的依赖性增加而改变了感觉运动皮层活动.
- 在不同的感官和表面条件下,将盲人和有视力的个体之间的平衡控制神经战略进行比较.
主要方法:
- 功能近红外光谱 (fNIRS) 测量了在感觉运动皮质中的大脑激活.
- 使用压力分布测量板量化姿势摆动.
- 参与者包括十个盲人和十个年龄和性别匹配的视力正常人.
主要成果:
- 与有视力的人相比,盲人与开的眼睛在不稳定的表面上表现出更多的姿势摆动.
- 盲人在所有条件下都表现出显著更大的感觉运动皮质激活,特别是在眼睛打开的情况下.
- 有视力的个体显示大脑氧化增加,主要是在闭眼和不稳定的表面条件下.
结论:
- 盲人表现出较高的感官运动皮质激活,这表明对姿势控制的感官集成得到了增强.
- 感觉运动皮层在盲人中适应,有效地管理没有视觉输入的平衡.
- 这些发现强调了大脑在重新分配资源以获得感官补偿方面的可塑性.
相关概念视频
Indirect Motor Pathways
1.5K
The indirect motor or extrapyramidal pathways originate in the brainstem, the lower portion of the brain that connects it to the spinal cord. They consist of several distinct tracts, each with specialized functions. The four main tracts of the indirect motor pathways are the vestibulospinal tract, the reticulospinal tract, the tectospinal tract, and the rubrospinal tract.
The vestibulospinal tract originates in the vestibular nuclei of the brainstem. The vestibular system detects changes in...
The vestibulospinal tract originates in the vestibular nuclei of the brainstem. The vestibular system detects changes in...
1.5K
Major Somatic Sensory Pathways
952
Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the...
952
Neural Regulation
39.4K
Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
39.4K
Hierarchy of Motor Control
2.7K
The hierarchy of motor control refers to the different levels of organization and processing involved in controlling movement in the body. These levels range from higher cortical areas involved in planning and decision-making to lower spinal cord reflexes that respond automatically to external stimuli.
2.7K

