基于社会经济地位的不尊重,歧视,排斥和羞辱:健康不平等的潜在来源?
Bruce G Link1, San Juanita García2, Rengin Firat1
1University of California Riverside, CA, USA.
Journal of health and social behavior
|March 16, 2024
概括
较高社会经济地位 (SES) 个体的不尊重,歧视,排斥和羞辱 (DDES) 显著影响健康. 解决这些关系因素对于理解和减少健康不平等至关重要.
科学领域:
- 社会流行病学 社会流行病学
- 健康差距 研究 研究 研究 研究
- 卫生社会学 卫生社会学
背景情况:
- 社会经济地位 (SES) 始终与健康结果有关,但具体的途径仍然不清楚.
- 以前的研究集中在弱势群体的特征上,让优势群体的作用被低估了.
研究的目的:
- 调查高SES个体的不尊重,歧视,排斥和羞辱 (DDES) 作为将SES和健康联系在一起的潜在途径.
- 量化DDES对焦虑,自我报告的健康状况和心血管疾病等健康结果的影响.
主要方法:
- 对美国国家概率样本 (N=1,209) 进行DDES测量的开发和管理.
- 横截面调查设计,以评估自我报告的DDES暴露及其与健康指标的相关性.
- 统计分析控制DDES变量,以评估它们对SES-健康关系的调解作用.
主要成果:
- 控制DDES显著降低了SES与健康之间的关联.
- 当包括DDES时,SES→焦虑系数下降了112.9%,SES→自我报告的健康下降了43.8%,SES→心血管疾病下降了49.4%.
- 研究结果表明,DDES是连接SES和健康的重要途径.
结论:
- 来自较高SES群体的个体经历的DDES代表了对健康不平等造成影响的重要途径.
- 要有效解决健康差异,必须采取一种关系式的方法,专注于优势群体的行动.
- 未来的干预措施应考虑减轻DDES以改善人口健康结果.
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