饮食组成和绝育改变了肠道微生物群的多样性和Theiler病毒感染引起的急性发作的负担
Dannielle K Zierath1, Stephanie Davidson1, Jonathan Manoukian1
1Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Epilepsia
|March 16, 2024
概括
饮食变化对感染泰勒小鼠脑炎病毒 (TMEV) 的小鼠的影响肠道细菌和发作. 自式饮食改变了肠道微生物组合,在TMEV感染的小鼠中恶化了工作记忆缺陷.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 在C57BL/6J小鼠中,泰勒小鼠脑炎病毒 (TMEV) 感染可导致获得性发育.
- 已知饮食会影响TMEV感染小鼠的急性发病率,但其对肠道失调和随后的慢性并发症的影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查饮食配方和绝育对急性发作表现的影响.
- 分析肠道微生物组的组成,以应对不同的饮食.
- 评估饮食和肠道失调对相关慢性行为并发症的影响.
主要方法:
- 在注射TMEV或酸盐缓冲盐溶液 (PBS) 之前,小鼠被食自闭体 (AC) 或照射 (IR) 饮食.
- 在感染后的基线,第0天和第7天收集了便样本,用于16S rRNA amplicon测序.
- 感染后6周评估了发作值和工作记忆缺陷.
主要成果:
- 受TMEV感染的小鼠无论饮食如何都会出现急性发作. 与IR饮食相比,AC Prolab RMH 3000饮食组的发作发生率和发作次数较高.
- 在接受AC Prolab RMH 3000饮食的TMEV感染小鼠中,观察到肠道微生物组合的显著差异,特别是在グラム阳性细菌中.
- 接受AC Prolab RMH 3000饮食的小鼠也表现出严重的长期工作记忆缺陷.
结论:
- 在TMEV模型中,饮食诱导的肠道失调显著改变了急性发作表现和慢性行为并发症.
- 饮食操纵在TMEV诱导的发作后对肠道细菌物种产生了新的疾病修饰作用.
相关概念视频
01:30Development of Human Microbiota
The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from the skin...
01:27Microbiota of the Stomach and Small Intestine
The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract is characterized by distinct physicochemical conditions that shape its microbial communities. Among these, the stomach presents a particularly challenging environment for microbial colonization due to its highly acidic pH, ranging from 1 to 3. This extreme acidity effectively limits microbial density. However, certain acid-tolerant microorganisms are capable of surviving in this niche. Notably, Helicobacter pylori can colonize the gastric mucosa,...
01:18Bacterial Gastroenteritis
Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...