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Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
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Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists...
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Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Malonic ester synthesis is a method to obtain α substituted carboxylic acids from ꞵ-diesters such as diethyl malonate and alkyl halides.
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通过简单的有机催化系统,通过立体复杂的功能性和统计性多酸乳酸碳酸盐.

Panagiotis Bexis1, Jonathan T Husband1, Haritz Sardon2

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概括

研究人员使用受控环开放式共聚合开发了功能化聚酸 (PLA) 共聚合物. 这些可持续材料保持结晶性和立体复杂性,使得定制的特性和治疗结合.

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科学领域:

  • 聚合物化学 聚合物化学
  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 生物材料是一种生物材料.

背景情况:

  • 聚酸 (PLA) 的立体复合增强了材料特性,但具有高晶度的功能化共聚合物具有挑战性.
  • 开发具有可调节性质的可持续和可降解材料是聚合物科学的一个关键目标.

研究的目的:

  • 通过受控环开 copolymerization (ROCOP) 合成功能化的聚酸 copolymers,同时保持结晶性.
  • 研究这些新型共聚合物的立体复合能力.
  • 为了证明功能手柄在聚合后修改中的实用性.

主要方法:

  • 乳化物 (LA) 和功能化循环碳酸盐单体的受控环开放共聚化 (ROCOP).
  • 聚合物结晶性和热性质的表征.
  • 用立体纯PLA和共聚物进行立体复合研究.
  • 硫乙烯点击化学用于基和基悬浮群的功能化.

主要成果:

  • 聚合物保持结晶状态,碳酸盐含量高达25mol%.
  • 用同聚合物PLA和相反性共聚物实现了高效的立体复合.
  • 具有基和基手柄的聚合物使用乙烯点击化学成功衍生.

结论:

  • 控制的ROCOP可以合成结晶的,功能化的PLA共聚合物.
  • 这些材料表现出高效的立体复合,为增强机械性能提供了途径.
  • 集成的功能性手柄允许多用途的聚合后修改,包括治疗结合和属性调节.