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在过去的四十年和以后,对中国的酸沉积缓解路径进行了探测
Qian Yu1,2, Xiaodong Ge1, Haotian Zheng1
1State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
National science review
|March 18, 2024
概括
中国中国中国中国.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 大气化学 大气化学
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
背景情况:
- 中国面临着世界上最高的酸沉积量,对其生态影响和控制的研究有限.
- 经济增长和能源消耗增加,加剧了污染挑战.
- 现有的减排措施改善了空气质量,但没有改善生态恢复.
研究的目的:
- 评估中国酸沉积的现状,影响,原因和控制.
- 评估当前对生态酸化和优化减排策略的有效性.
- 探索增强的氨减排途径,以减轻生态风险.
主要方法:
- 编制酸沉积数据和临界负载计算.
- 对排放趋势和降水pH恢复的分析.
- 与欧洲和美国相比,中国减少了酸化风险.
主要成果:
- 中国显著减少了酸化污染物排放,改善了降水pH值.
- 生态酸化和轻化风险没有显著下降.
- 中国的生态风险降低落后于欧洲和美国,原因是减少风险的策略不同.
结论:
- 中国目前的战略优先考虑空气质量而不是生态影响,需要转变.
- 加强氨的减排对于解决沉积和环氧化问题至关重要.
- 到2035年减少27%的氨量可以在很大程度上消除酸沉积的影响,为全球挑战提供一个模型.
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