一项关于儿童牙科知情同意的全球实践的试点研究
Nicoline Potgieter1, Gemma Bridge2, Marlies Elfrink3,4
1Department of Orthodontics & Paediatric Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.
Frontiers in oral health
|March 18, 2024
概括
牙科护理的知情同意法规在全球范围内有所不同,特别是对于儿童和有特殊需求的患者. 澄清牙医何时可以以患者的最佳利益行事,是为伦理和高效的治疗而建议的.
科学领域:
- 牙科公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医学伦理 医学伦理
- 国际卫生法 国际卫生法
背景情况:
- 在医疗实践中,知情同意至关重要,它保护了患者的权利并指导了医疗道德.
- 银二胺化物 (SDF) 和银化物 (SF) 提供成本效益高的虫管理,但会导致牙变色,需要明确的同意程序.
- 获得知情同意和同意对于SDF/SF治疗特别重要,因为它们具有美学意义.
研究的目的:
- 描述和比较不同国家的儿科牙科护理知情同意法规.
- 专注于有关儿童和有特殊医疗需求的患者的法规.
- 确定获得牙科治疗知情同意的国际差异.
主要方法:
- 一项在线调查分发给13个国家的牙科专业人员.
- 该调查收集了有关知情同意实践和法规的数据.
- 进行了参与国家的同意流程的比较分析.
主要成果:
- 牙科护理的知情同意法规存在国际上显著的差异.
- 年龄是坦桑尼亚,南非,印度,肯尼亚,马来西亚和巴西等国家的同意的主要决定因素.
- 其他国家,包括新加坡,英国和美国,都采用了像吉利克竞争力这样的原则.
- 许多司法管辖区缺乏关于牙医何时可以在患者的最佳利益中取消同意的具体指南.
结论:
- 需要对牙医何时可以优先考虑患者的最佳利益而不是一般同意进行全球澄清.
- 建议制定有关牙科紧急情况的指南,以规范实践.
- 该研究强调了需要改善,道德和有效的知情同意程序的脆弱的患者群体在世界各地.
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