长期COVID的症状和免疫特征的性别差异
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|March 18, 2024
概括
长期COVID (LC) 在女性和男性中呈现不同,具有明显的免疫系统变化. 在患有LC的女性中,较低的丸激素水平与症状严重程度的降低相关,突出显示了免疫内分泌作用.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 健康中的性别差异
背景情况:
- 长期COVID (LC) 呈现出显著的性别差异,女性比男性在SARS-CoV-2感染后更频繁地受到影响.
- 导致LC表现的这些性别差异的潜在免疫特征仍然在很大程度上未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 调查长期COVID和没有长期COVID的个体的基于性别的免疫和内分泌差异.
- 确定与LC病理学中的生物性别差异相关的关键免疫特征.
主要方法:
- 探索性,横截面研究,涉及165名参与者的多维免疫内分泌分析.
- 利用机器学习来识别女性与男性的LC特征的差异性免疫特征.
- 评估症状负担,器官系统参与,免疫细胞频率,血细胞因子,抗体活性和激素水平.
主要成果:
- 慢性结核患者经历了性别特定的症状和器官参与模式;女性报告了更高的症状负担.
- 患有LC的男性显示单细胞/树突细胞频率降低,NK细胞升高,IL-8/TGF-β细胞因子改变.
- 患有LC的女性表现出增加的耗尽/细胞因子分泌的T细胞,更高的疹病毒抗体活性 (EBV,HSV-2,CMV) 和较低的丸激素.
- 较低的丸激素水平显着与LC参与者的症状负担减少有关,不论性别.
结论:
- 独特的免疫过程是女性和男性长期COVID的基础.
- 免疫内分泌失调,特别是涉及丸激素,在性别特定的长期COVID病理学中起着至关重要的作用.
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