在健康和疾病中的个性化营养特异性胰岛素分泌的蛋白质预测因子
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|March 18, 2024
概括
个体胰岛素分泌量因营养物质而异. 多omics分析揭示了胰腺小岛的分子差异,为基于营养反应的个性化营养策略铺平了道路.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学和新陈代谢学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 系统生物学 系统生物学
背景情况:
- 了解不同营养素 (碳水化合物,蛋白质,脂肪) 如何在人口层面刺激胰岛素分泌对于个性化营养至关重要.
- 目前对驱动人类胰腺小岛内特定营养素胰岛素分泌的分子机制的知识有限,特别是关于个体变异和2型糖尿病的知识.
研究的目的:
- 描述胰岛素分泌的动态反应碳水化合物,蛋白质和脂肪在人类小岛的多样化的队列.
- 为了识别特定营养素的胰岛素分泌的分子相关物 (转录组和蛋白组).
- 研究干细胞衍生小岛集群中的营养反应,并将其与供体小岛进行比较.
主要方法:
- 胰岛素分泌量测试是在140个尸体捐赠者的小岛上进行的,包括2型糖尿病患者,用葡萄糖,氨基酸和脂肪酸刺激.
- 转录基因和蛋白质基因分析被用来确定观察到的胰岛素分泌异质性的分子基础.
- 在干细胞衍生小岛集群中评估了营养反应.
主要成果:
- 虽然大多数捐赠者表现出预期的胰岛素反应模式 (葡萄糖> 氨基酸> 脂肪酸),但有一部分人对氨基酸或脂肪酸的反应高于对高葡萄糖的反应.
- 多omics分析确定了与特定营养素响应和2型糖尿病变化相关的分子相关物.
- 来自干细胞的小岛群体表现出不调节的燃料灵敏度,表明功能不成熟.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了人类胰岛素分泌细胞中动态营养特异性胰岛素分泌和多奥米克分析的首次全面比较.
- 揭示了个性化的营养特异性胰岛素分泌倾向,为个性化的营养方法奠定了基础.
- 突出了多omics数据的潜力,以告知管理代谢疾病的策略,如2型糖尿病.
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