精神分裂症,双极性障碍和主要抑郁障碍与并发症特征的分类以及深度学习算法
Xiangning Chen1, Yimei Liu2, Joan Cue2
1The university of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.
Research square
|March 18, 2024
概括
来自42种共患性特征的共同遗传风险可以使用多基因风险评分 (PRS) 和深度神经网络 (DNN) 来分类和区分精神分裂症 (SCZ),双相情感障碍 (BIP) 和严重抑郁障碍 (MDD). 这表明,使用这些遗传标记可能可以进行客观诊断.
科学领域:
- 精神病学遗传学 精神病学遗传学
- 计算精神病学是一种计算精神病学.
- 机器学习在医学中的应用
背景情况:
- 全基因组关联研究 (GWAS) 揭示了共患精神疾病之间共同的遗传责任.
- 这些共同的遗传因素对于精确分类和区分精神分裂症,双相情感障碍和严重抑郁症等疾病的实用性仍然在很大程度上未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 调查是否可以使用来自共患性特征的多基因风险评分 (PRS) 来分类和区分精神分裂症 (SCZ),双相情感障碍 (BIP) 和严重抑郁障碍 (MDD).
- 评估这些疾病的数据驱动,客观诊断工具的潜力.
主要方法:
- 使用深度神经网络 (DNN) 和PRS,根据42种共患性特征进行估计.
- 构建了分类模型,包括或不包括目标障碍PRSs.
- 对SCZ,BIP和MDD的评估分类和差异化准确性和曲线下的面积 (AUC) 与未受影响的对照相比.
主要成果:
- 仅使用共病性特征的PRS的模型在SCZ (0.760 ± 0.007),BIP (0.768 ± 0.007) 和MDD (0.794 ± 0.010) 的分类中获得了高准确度.
- 这些模型有效地区分了未受影响的对照和患有SCZ,BIP或MDD的患者 (平均分类精度为0.861 ± 0.003,平均AUC为0.961 ± 0.041).
- 即使不包括与目标疾病直接相关的PRS,分类也取得了成功.
结论:
- 仅由共患性特征引起的共同遗传责任似乎就足以对SCZ,BIP和MDD进行分类和区分.
- 这些发现支持开发基于遗传信息的客观,数据驱动的精神疾病诊断方法的可行性.
相关概念视频
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
55
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
55
Biological Causes of Schizophrenia
57
Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
57
Bipolar Disorder
67
Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition marked by significant mood fluctuations, including episodes of mania and depression. Elevated energy levels, heightened mood or irritability, impulsive behavior, reduced sleep needs, rapid speech, racing thoughts, inflated self-esteem, and distractibility characterize mania. Individuals with bipolar disorder often alternate between depressive and manic states, with periods of emotional stability lasting an average of six months to a year.
67
Depressive Disorders: Etiology
85
Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...
85
Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia
118
Depressive disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by pervasive feelings of sadness, diminished pleasure in life, and a significant impact on daily functioning. These conditions are most prevalent in individuals during their 30s and affect women at twice the rate of men. Contrary to popular belief, younger individuals are generally more susceptible to these disorders than older adults. Two key types of depressive disorders include Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and...
118
Depression: Overview
242
Depression is a prevalent mental illness marked by persistent sadness and lack of interest in previously enjoyable activities. It can take several forms, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder, and bipolar I and II disorders. Symptoms range from emotional changes like chronic worry to physical changes like sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. From a neurobiological perspective, depression is believed to be triggered by abnormalities in the brain's prefrontal cortex,...
242


