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微量营养素对甲状腺癌风险的影响:孟德尔的随机化研究
Jiali Shen1, Hong Zhang2, Hongzhan Jiang1
1School of Nursing, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.
Frontiers in nutrition
|March 18, 2024
概括
这项门德尔随机化研究发现,常见的微量营养素摄入量与甲状腺癌风险之间没有因果关系. 根据目前的遗传证据,微量营养素补充似乎无法预防甲状腺癌.
科学领域:
- 营养流行病学 营养流行病学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 观察性研究表明微量营养素与甲状腺癌之间存在联系,但因果关系仍未确定.
- 微量营养素的状态对各种身体功能至关重要,包括在癌症发展中的潜在作用.
- 了解甲状腺癌的病因因素对于有效的预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究基因预测的微量营养素摄入量与患甲状腺癌的风险之间的潜在因果关系.
- 利用门德尔的随机化来克服观察性研究中存在的混因素.
- 提供关于特定微量营养素在甲状腺癌病因学中的作用的强有力的证据.
主要方法:
- 进行了两样本的孟德尔随机化 (MR) 分析,使用与循环中的铜 (Cu), (Ir), (Zn), (Ca),维生素D (VD) 和维生素C (VC) 含量相关的遗传变异.
- 来自欧洲祖先的个体的全基因组关联研究 (GWAS) 数据被用于暴露 (微量营养素) 和结果 (甲状腺癌) 两方面.
- 逆变量加权 (IVW) 方法是主要分析,补充了包括MR-Egger在内的灵敏度分析,加权中位数/模式测试,以及检查变性和异质性以确保结果的有效性.
主要成果:
- 主要IVW分析显示,基因预测的Cu,Ir,Zn,Ca,VC或VD摄入量对甲状腺癌风险没有统计学上显著的因果关系.
- 每个微量营养素的特定几率比率 (OR) 和p值表明没有关联的证据 (例如,Cu:OR=0.88,p=0.41;Zn:OR=0.87,p=0.40;Ir:OR=1.18,p=0.39;Ca:OR=1.12,p=0.43;VC:OR=0.95,p=0.22;VD:OR=0.89,p=0.04).
- 灵敏度分析证实了研究结果的稳定性,没有发现显著的异质性或性,支持了MR估计的有效性.
结论:
- 这项门德尔随机化研究没有提供证据支持研究的微量营养素 (Cu,Ir,Zn,Ca,VD,VC) 在甲状腺癌的发展中起因作用.
- 这些发现表明,补充这些微量营养素不太可能是预防甲状腺癌的有效策略.
- 进一步的研究可能会探索其他微量营养素或参与甲状腺癌发展的不同病因途径.
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