非洲的年龄,政治参与和政治背景
Eugene Emeka Dim1, Markus H Schafer2
1Department of Sociology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
概括
政治自由对跨年龄组的非洲政治参与有重大影响. 较少自由国家的年轻非洲人更活跃,但随着年龄的增长,参与率急剧下降,特别是在压制性政权中.
科学领域:
- 政治科学 政治科学是指政治学.
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
背景情况:
- 根据年龄,政治参与模式有很大的不同.
- 了解这些模式至关重要,特别是在非西方的环境中,如非洲,那里的民主制度不那么成熟.
- 政治背景,特别是政治自由程度,是影响政治行为的关键因素.
研究的目的:
- 研究政治自由如何影响非洲政治参与的基于年龄的模式.
- 研究年龄,政治自由和三个形式的政治参与之间的关系:选举,非选举和抗议.
- 测试政治机会结构理论在非洲环境中的适用性.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自36个非洲国家的合并Afrobarometer数据 (第5-7轮).
- 来自自由之家的综合国家级政治自由数据.
- 采用多级回归模型来分析年龄,政治自由和参与的相互作用.
主要成果:
- 非自由国家的18-60岁非洲人表现出参与选举和非选举活动的最高水平,60岁以后明显下降.
- 部分和非自由国家的年轻非洲人参与抗议活动最多,但随着年龄的增长,参与率急剧下降.
- 有限的政治自由与年轻人群的更高参与度有关,但老年人群的不成比例下降.
结论:
- 政治背景对年龄与参与关系有微妙的影响,与西方趋势不同.
- 镇压性政权可能会增加年轻人的参与,但会大大阻止老年人,特别是从更有风险的政治活动中.
- 需要更多的比较老年学研究,重点关注全球南方的上下文异质性.
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