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芝加哥儿童饮用水中的暴露估计

Benjamin Q Huynh¹, Elizabeth T Chin², Mathew V Kiang³

¹Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.

JAMA pediatrics

|March 18, 2024

概括

受污染的饮用水影响了芝加哥68%的幼儿. 在测试和暴露方面存在种族不平等,这凸显了需要加强外展和补救工作的必要性.

科学领域:

环境健康环境健康
儿科卫生健康儿科卫生健康
公共卫生政策公共卫生政策

背景情况:

在美国的水系统中,服务线很常见,这构成了严重的风险,因为饮用水中没有安全的含量.
儿童暴露是严重的公共卫生问题,因为它具有不可逆转的神经和发育影响.

研究的目的:

量化了在伊利诺伊州芝加哥6岁以下儿童中污染饮用水暴露的程度.
模拟暴露对这一脆弱群体的影响.

主要方法:

一项回顾性横截面研究从2016年1月到2023年9月分析了38385个家庭测试.
机器学习和微模拟技术被用于估计全市儿童暴露.
统计分析检查了人口因素与测试率和污染水平之间的关联.

主要成果:

据估计,在芝加哥,6岁以下的儿童中,68%的儿童接触了污染的饮用水,总计约有129,000名儿童.
一个街区的黑人和西班牙裔人口增加与测试的几率降低和污染水的几率增加有关.
在测试参与和暴露患病率方面都观察到显著的种族不平等.

结论:

在芝加哥,儿童暴露很普遍,不成比例地影响少数民族社区.
解决环境种族主义问题至关重要,需要加强外展和可访问性,以领导测试服务.
机器学习在初步暴露查和有针对性的干预方面表现有前途.

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