风力轮机对物业价值的视觉影响很小,并且在空间和时间上逐渐减少
Wei Guo1,2, Leonie Wenz3,4, Maximilian Auffhammer5,6
1CMCC Foundation - Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change, Leece 73100, Italy.
概括
风力轮机的可见性对5英里内的房屋价值产生负面影响,这是一个显著的外部性成本. 然而,这种效应随着距离和时间的推移而减弱,对更远的属性来说变得可以忽略不计.
科学领域:
- 环境经济学环境经济学
- 可再生能源的评估可再生能源的评估
- 房地产估值 房地产估值
背景情况:
- 可再生能源对于脱碳至关重要,风力发电是美国增长最快的能源.
- 当地对风能扩张的反对往往源于对轮机视觉影响的担忧.
- 量化风能经济外部性对于平衡发展至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估美国风能发电的外部性成本,特别关注对物业价值的可见性影响.
- 提供一个全国性的评估,风力轮机的可见性如何影响住宅房地产价值.
- 了解这些估值影响的空间和时间动态.
主要方法:
- 创建一个全面的美国风力轮机可见度数据库,整合轮机位置,高度和高分辨率的地形数据.
- hedonic估值理论的应用,以统计分析可见性对房屋价值的影响.
- 利用自1997年以来美国房屋销售的大数据集,以确保可靠的统计估计.
主要成果:
- 风力轮机的可见性对近距离 (约5英里/8公里) 的房屋价值具有统计学上显著的负面影响.
- 对房地产价值的负面影响随着距离风力轮机的距离的增加而大大减少.
- 风力轮机能见度对房屋价值的影响随着时间的推移而减少,在更远的距离上变得微不足道.
结论:
- 风力轮机的可见性代表了一个可量化的经济外部性,它影响了附近的房地产价值.
- 负面影响的局部性质表明,仔细地址和景观整合可以减轻经济方面的担忧.
- 了解这些外部性对于明智的政策制定和公众对风能项目的接受至关重要.
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