使用计算表型识别来识别精神病频谱中努力分配的不同策略
Alexis E Whitton1, Jessica A Cooper2, Jaisal T Merchant3
1Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Schizophrenia bulletin
|March 18, 2024
概括
患有精神分裂症/精神分裂情绪障碍的人,与患有精神分裂双相情绪障碍的人不同,往往无法利用奖励信息来做出努力决策. 这会影响精神病谱系障碍的症状和功能.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 计算精神病学是一种计算精神病学.
背景情况:
- 努力成本决策缺陷与精神分裂症的负面症状有关.
- 计算表型化揭示了各种各样的努力分配策略.
- 以前的研究集中在精神分裂症;这项研究扩展到其他精神病障碍.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同精神疾病患者之间努力分配策略的差异.
- 探索努力分配策略与精神病范围内的临床/认知特征之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 应用计算建模对努力-成本决策数据.
- 分析了患有精神分裂症/精神分裂情绪障碍,精神双相情绪障碍和对照组个体的数据.
- 使用了努力支出用于奖励任务.
主要成果:
- 观察到各种各样的努力分配策略在和跨障碍.
- 与精神病双极性障碍患者相比,更高比例的精神分裂症/精神分裂情绪障碍患者没有使用奖励/概率信息.
- 不使用奖励信息与更严重的积极/消极症状和更差的功能相关.
结论:
- 类似的努力-成本决策缺陷可能源于精神病中的不同计算机制.
- 努力分配策略与不同的临床和认知形状有关.
- 这些发现突显了精神病背后的计算机制的异质性.
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