在加拿大的初级保健实践中脱脂症的流行和管理
Olivia Spohn1, Rachael Morkem2, Alexander G Singer3
1Family physician in Kingston, Ont.
Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien
|March 18, 2024
概括
40岁以上的加拿大成年人中有一半患有脂质障碍症,这种情况在老年男性和肥胖者中更为常见. 治疗缺口仍然存在,特别是在高风险人群中,女性和正常的BMI患者不太可能接受降脂剂.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 初级保健研究研究初级保健研究
背景情况:
- 脱脂症是心血管疾病的重要危险因素.
- 了解其在初级保健中的流行和管理对于公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了估计加拿大40岁及以上的成年人中脱脂症的患病率.
- 描述在加拿大初级保健中治疗脱脂症的方法,包括使用降脂剂 (LLAs).
主要方法:
- 这是一项回顾性队列研究,利用来自加拿大初级保健哨兵监测网络的电子病历数据.
- 纳入标准:年龄在40岁以上的成年人,在2018年1月1日至2019年12月31日期间进行初级保健访问.
- 结果措施:失脂症的诊断和用LLAs的治疗.
主要成果:
- 在超过773,000名患者中,失脂症在50%的患者中被发现. 在老年人中,患病率更高 (61.5%为65岁以上),男性 (56.7%) 和城市居民 (50%).
- 只有42.8%的失脂症患者接受了LLA治疗. 根据弗雷明汉得分,治疗率随着失脂症的严重程度而增加,从22.8% (低风险) 增加到65.0% (高风险).
- 男性 (OR 1.95) 和肥胖 (aOR 1.36) 的人更有可能接受LLA治疗.
结论:
- 40岁及以上的加拿大成年人中,有一半患有脱脂症,老年人和男性的发病率更高.
- 在LLA治疗中存在显著的差距,特别是在高风险和中等风险患者中.
- 需要有针对性的干预措施来解决治疗不足问题,特别是在女性和体重指数正常的人群中.
相关概念视频
01:20Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents
660
Hyperlipidemia, a medical condition often referred to as high cholesterol, is characterized by abnormally elevated levels of lipids in the bloodstream. When present in excess, these lipids, specifically cholesterol and triglycerides, can lead to serious health complications, often involving cardiovascular diseases. Illnesses like atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and pancreatitis have all been linked to untreated hyperlipidemia. This means controlling and regulating cholesterol and triglyceride...
660
01:25Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile
156
Understanding serum lipids is crucial for maintaining cardiovascular health and preventing heart disease and stroke.
Serum lipids are fats and fatty substances in the blood and are crucial for various bodily functions, including energy storage, cellular structure, and hormone production. Serum lipids consist of cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids.
Cholesterol is a soft, fat-like substance found in all body cells. It is crucial for producing hormones, vitamin D, and substances that aid...
Serum lipids are fats and fatty substances in the blood and are crucial for various bodily functions, including energy storage, cellular structure, and hormone production. Serum lipids consist of cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids.
Cholesterol is a soft, fat-like substance found in all body cells. It is crucial for producing hormones, vitamin D, and substances that aid...
156
01:18Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements
732
Lipids are an essential component of a balanced human diet. Triglycerides, which make up the majority of dietary lipids, are found in both saturated fats—commonly present in meat, dairy products, and certain tropical plants like coconut, and hydrogenated oils such as margarine and baking shortenings (trans fats)—and unsaturated fats, which are abundant in seeds, nuts, olive oil, and most vegetable oils. The main sources of cholesterol include egg yolks, various meats and organ...
732
01:15Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy
281
The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
281
01:24Overview of Lipid Metabolism
1.5K
Lipid metabolism is a crucial process in the human body that involves the synthesis and degradation of lipids. This process is essential for energy production, cell membrane formation, and hormone production, among other functions.
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
1.5K
01:29Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation
544
Although not a source of energy, cholesterol plays a significant role as a foundational structure for bile salts, steroid hormones, and vitamin D, as well as being a crucial component of plasma membranes. Approximately 15% of blood cholesterol is derived from our diet, with the remainder synthesized from acetyl CoA by the liver and intestines. Cholesterol is eliminated from the body through its conversion into bile salts, which are eventually discarded in the feces.
Considering cholesterol and...
Considering cholesterol and...
544