婴儿持续的注意力在生命的前两年因环境和社会内容而异
Jessica Bradshaw1,2,3, Xiaoxue Fu1,2, John E Richards1,2
1Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.
Developmental science
|March 18, 2024
概括
婴儿的注意力发展因测量方式,环境和社会内容而异. 对护理人员的持续关注 (SA) 减少,但心率定义的SA保持稳定,突出测量差异.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学是发展心理学.
- 认知神经科学是一种认知神经科学.
- 婴儿行为 婴儿行为
背景情况:
- 持续的注意力 (SA) 对婴儿的学习和发展至关重要.
- 现有的研究还没有完全澄清SA测量方法,背景和刺激如何在婴儿发育中相互作用.
- 了解这些细微差别对于使用婴儿注意力作为发育标志物至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查婴儿在生命的头两年中持续注意力 (SA) 如何变化.
- 检查测量方法,基于屏幕的与交互式环境以及社会与非社会刺激对SA发展的影响.
- 为了比较不同的注意力指标,包括整体看,平均看持续时间和心率定义的SA.
主要方法:
- 这是一项为期2年的纵向研究,对1至24个月的53名婴儿进行了研究.
- 使用了四个任务条件:社交视频,非社交视频,社交互动和非社交互动.
- 使用整体外观,平均外观持续时间,心率定义的SA中的百分比时间和SA期间的心率变化来衡量注意力.
主要成果:
- 根据测量方法,背景和刺激类型,注意力的发展轨迹显著不同.
- 在社交互动期间,整体外观和外观持续时间在3-4个月后减少,而心率定义的SA保持稳定.
- 婴儿在前6个月的视频中表现出更高的SA,而不是现场互动;SA对社会和非社会刺激在情境内是相当的.
- 在第二年,看视频持续时间的SA偏爱社交视频,而心率定义的SA偏爱社交视频而不是非社交互动.
结论:
- 不同的注意力测量能够捕捉到婴儿独特的发育过程.
- 测量,背景和刺激之间的相互作用对于理解婴儿注意力轨迹至关重要.
- 为了准确评估,比较多种注意力测量是必不可少的,尤其是在跟踪典型和非典型发展时.
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