道德普遍性:对256个社会进行机器阅读分析
Mark Alfano1, Marc Cheong2, Oliver Scott Curry3
1Macquarie University, Australia.
Heliyon
|March 19, 2024
概括
七种道德价值观的跨文化流行被用机器编码的民族学数据来检查. 大多数道德在大多数社会中都存在,但发现了微小的区域差异.
科学领域:
- * 进化人类学
- * 跨文化心理学 跨文化心理学
- * 计算社会科学 * 计算社会科学
背景情况:
- *"作为合作的道德"理论提出了七个普遍的道德价值观.
- *之前的研究手动编码了60个社会,发现普遍的道德与同等的区域频率.
- * 需要一种更具可扩展性的方法来分析跨文化的道德价值观.
研究的目的:
- *从道德作为合作理论中确定七个道德价值观的跨文化普遍性.
- * 开发和验证用于分析有关道德的民族学数据的机器编码工具.
- *将以前的发现扩展到更大,更多样化的社会.
主要方法:
- * 开发了用于自动化文本分析的道德合作词典 (MAC-D).
- * 利用语言调查和词汇计数 (LIWC) 软件来处理民族学帐户.
- *分析了196个在人际关系领域档案 (HRAF) 库中的其他社会的数据.
- * 经过验证的机器编码结果与之前的手动编码工作相比.
主要成果:
- * 证实了分析的大多数社会中大多数七个道德价值观的存在.
- * 发现在所有文化地区广泛分布的道德价值观.
- *确定了与地理区域和生计策略相关的道德价值观的微小变化.
- *成功验证了新的机器编码方法与之前的手工编码相比.
结论:
- *道德作为合作词典 (MAC-D) 是一个经过验证的,全面的工具,用于分析文本中的道德概念.
- *这些发现支持七大道德价值观的跨文化普遍性,与环境因素相关的细微差别.
- *机器编码为未来关于道德人类学的研究提供了一个可扩展的方法.
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