设计,合成和作用模式的thioacetamide衍生品作为阿尔吉杀菌候选人基于主动子结构分割战略
Shi Huang1, Lingzi Zuo1, Liexiong Zhang1
1Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China.
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry
|March 19, 2024
概括
研究人员开发了一种新型的硫乙胺衍生物,化合物A3,用于对抗有害的蓝藻细菌 (HCB). 这种新的杀藻剂与现有治疗方法相比,显示出更高的疗效,为水质管理提供了一个有前途的解决方案.
科学领域:
- 环境化学环境化学
- 生态毒理学 生态毒理学
- 药用化学 医学化学
背景情况:
- 有害的蓝藻细菌繁殖 (HCBs) 对水生生态系统和水资源构成重大全球威胁.
- 有效的杀藻剂对于管理HCB和减轻它们对环境的不利影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用活性基结构拼接策略发现新型杀菌剂.
- 合成和评估乙胺衍生物对它们对蓝色细菌的有效性.
主要方法:
- 优化化合物 (S5) 和合成三系列乙衍生物 (A,B,C).
- 生物活性测定,以确定对*M. aeruginosa*和*Synechocystis* sp.的杀菌效果.
- 密度函数理论 (DFT) 计算来分析结构-活动关系.
- 生理和生化分析以阐明作用机制.
主要成果:
- 化合物A3对*M. aeruginosa* (EC50 = 0.46 μM) 和*Synechocystis* sp.表现出强大的杀菌活性. (EC50 = 0.95μM) 这样一来.
- A3的疗效明显高于商用杀菌剂prometryn和化合物S5.5.
- DFT分析提供了对静电潜力,反应性和电友性影响活动的见解.
- 机制研究表明A3可能会破坏光合作用和抗氧化剂系统,导致细胞损伤.
结论:
- 化合物A3是新一代杀藻剂的一个非常有前途的候选物.
- 这项研究为未来化学杀菌剂的开发提供了一个新的活性骨架.
- 活性基结构拼接策略在快速发现藻类杀菌剂方面被证明是有效的.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
01:22Preparation of 1° Amines: Azide Synthesis
3.9K
Direct alkylation of ammonia produces polyalkylated amines, along with a quaternary ammonium salt. To exclusively prepare primary amines, the azide synthesis method can be used.
Azide ions act as good nucleophiles and react with unhindered alkyl halides to form alkyl azides. Alkyl azides do not participate in further nucleophilic substitution reactions, thereby eliminating the chances of polyalkylated products. Alkyl azides are reduced by hydride-based reducing agents, like lithium aluminum...
Azide ions act as good nucleophiles and react with unhindered alkyl halides to form alkyl azides. Alkyl azides do not participate in further nucleophilic substitution reactions, thereby eliminating the chances of polyalkylated products. Alkyl azides are reduced by hydride-based reducing agents, like lithium aluminum...
3.9K
02:27Preparation of Alkynes: Alkylation Reaction
10.1K
Introduction
Alkylation of terminal alkynes with primary alkyl halides in the presence of a strong base like sodium amide is one of the common methods for the synthesis of longer carbon-chain alkynes. For example, treatment of 1-propyne with sodium amide followed by reaction with ethyl bromide yields 2-pentyne.
Alkylation of terminal alkynes with primary alkyl halides in the presence of a strong base like sodium amide is one of the common methods for the synthesis of longer carbon-chain alkynes. For example, treatment of 1-propyne with sodium amide followed by reaction with ethyl bromide yields 2-pentyne.
10.1K
02:26Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides
4.8K
Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.
4.8K
01:29Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship
563
Indirect-acting cholinergic agonists are agents that interact with the acetylcholinesterase enzyme in the synaptic cleft, preventing the breakdown of acetylcholine into choline and acetate. Consequently, the concentration of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft increases. These agonists can be classified into reversible and irreversible inhibitors based on their duration of action.
Reversible inhibitors display short to medium durations of action. Short-acting agents include simple alcohols with...
Reversible inhibitors display short to medium durations of action. Short-acting agents include simple alcohols with...
563
01:28Preparation of 1° Amines: Gabriel Synthesis
3.5K
Direct alkylation is not a suitable method for synthesizing amines because it produces polyalkylated products. Gabriel synthesis is the most preferred method to exclusively make primary amines. The method uses phthalimide, which contains a protected form of nitrogen that participates in alkylation only once to predominantly give primary amines.
Strong bases like NaOH or KOH deprotonate the phthalimide to form the corresponding anion, which acts as a nucleophile. Further, the anion attacks an...
Strong bases like NaOH or KOH deprotonate the phthalimide to form the corresponding anion, which acts as a nucleophile. Further, the anion attacks an...
3.5K
02:34Preparation of Alkynes: Dehydrohalogenation
15.8K
Introduction
Alkynes can be prepared by dehydrohalogenation of vicinal or geminal dihalides in the presence of a strong base like sodium amide in liquid ammonia. The reaction proceeds with the loss of two equivalents of hydrogen halide (HX) via two successive E2 elimination reactions.
Alkynes can be prepared by dehydrohalogenation of vicinal or geminal dihalides in the presence of a strong base like sodium amide in liquid ammonia. The reaction proceeds with the loss of two equivalents of hydrogen halide (HX) via two successive E2 elimination reactions.
15.8K