在观察性研究中处理时间变化的治疗方法:范围审查和建议
Jiayue Xu1,2,3, Qiao He1,2,3, Mingqi Wang1,2,3
1Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine and Cochrane China Center, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Journal of evidence-based medicine
|March 19, 2024
概括
本研究审查了观察性研究中时间变化的治疗方法,提出了一项工作流程和建议,以评估干预措施随时间变化时的治疗效果.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 生物统计学 生物统计学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 在观察性研究中经常遇到时间变化的治疗方法.
- 缺乏一个系统的方法框架来评估随时间变化的暴露治疗效应.
- 现有的研究往往侧重于统计方法,而不是整体过程.
研究的目的:
- 在观察性研究中,系统地审查当前处理时间变化的治疗方法.
- 制定实用建议和工作流程,分析时间变化的治疗方法.
- 解决这一领域缺乏共识进程的问题.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed (2000-2021) 进行全面的文献搜索,寻找有关时间变化治疗的方法论文章.
- 对处理时间变化的治疗方法的识别方法的定性综合.
- 通过内部讨论和外部专家共识制定建议.
主要成果:
- 审查确定了三个核心方法组件:治疗规范 (时间独立,静态或动态模式),治疗状态定义 (治疗意图,每种方案,按治疗方式) 和分析方法选择.
- 大多数审查的文章集中在统计方法上,较少的文章涉及更广泛的方法过程.
- 根据审查和专家的共识,制定了一个逐步的工作流程和实际建议.
结论:
- 目前没有一个标准化的共识过程来评估观察性研究中随时间变化的暴露的治疗效果.
- 之前的研究主要集中在推进统计技术上.
- 这项研究提供了一个结构化的工作流程和可行的建议,以指导研究人员在这个复杂的领域.
相关概念视频
Observational Studies
8.5K
Observational studies are a type of analytical study where researchers observe events without any interventions. In other words, the researcher does not influence the response variable or the experiment's outcome.
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One...
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One...
8.5K
Blind Procedures
10.6K
Ideally, the people who observe and record the children’s behavior are unaware of who was assigned to the experimental or control group, in order to control for experimenter bias. Experimenter bias refers to the possibility that a researcher’s expectations might skew the results of the study. Remember, conducting an experiment requires a lot of planning, and the people involved in the research project have a vested interest in supporting their hypotheses. If the observers knew which...
10.6K
Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches
126
Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
126
Naturalistic Observations
15.4K
If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
15.4K
Study Designs in Epidemiology
215
Epidemiological study designs are fundamental tools for investigating the distribution, determinants, and control of health conditions in populations. They help researchers understand the relationships between exposures and outcomes, and they broadly fall into two categories: "observational" and "experimental" studies.
Observational studies are those where the researcher does not intervene but rather observes natural variations. They include cross-sectional, cohort, and...
Observational studies are those where the researcher does not intervene but rather observes natural variations. They include cross-sectional, cohort, and...
215
Longitudinal Research
12.0K
Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
12.0K


