胰岛素信号通过调节AMPK活性来调节Pink1mRNA定位,以支持神经元中的PINK1功能
J Tabitha Hees1,2, Simone Wanderoy1,2, Jana Lindner2
1TUM Medical Graduate Center, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Nature metabolism
|March 20, 2024
概括
胰岛素信号阻止Pink1mRNA与线粒体结合,这对于PINK1激活和线粒细胞衰变至关重要. 这种代谢控制在阿尔茨海默氏症中被破坏.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 线粒体质量控制对神经元健康至关重要,在神经退行性疾病中经常失败.
- PTEN诱导的激酶1 (PINK1) 检测受损的线粒体,这个过程取决于Pink1的mRNA定位到线粒体.
- AMP激活蛋白激酶 (AMPK) 是细胞中一个关键的能量传感器.
研究的目的:
- 研究胰岛素和AMPK信号在调节Pink1 mRNA局部化和PINK1活动中的作用.
- 阐明胰岛素信号影响Pink1mRNA与线粒体结合的分子机制.
- 在神经退行症的背景下,探索胰岛素抵抗,阿波利波蛋白E4和线粒体功能障碍之间的联系.
主要方法:
- 研究了胰岛素信号激活对Pink1mRNA与线粒体结合的影响.
- 使用生物化学分析来确定AMPK.BP准的SYNJ2BP上的酸化部位.
- 研究了由阿波利波蛋白E4诱导的胰岛素抵抗对神经元模型中的Pink1 mRNA局部化和PINK1活性的影响.
主要成果:
- 胰岛素信号激活通过阻止AMPK介导SYNJ2BP的酸化来抑制Pink1mRNA与线粒体的结合.
- 线粒体Pink1mRNA关联的丧失对于PINK1蛋白激活和线粒细胞衰变至关重要.
- 胰岛素耐药性,特别是阿波利波蛋白E4,导致异常的Pink1mRNA在线粒体中保留,损害PINK1的活动,特别是在神经元过程中.
结论:
- 胰岛素和AMPK信号作为一种代谢开关,控制神经元中的Pink1 mRNA定位和随后的PINK1活动.
- 这一途径为胰岛素抵抗等代谢障碍和在阿尔茨海默氏症等神经退行性疾病中观察到的线粒体功能障碍之间提供了机械联系.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway
3.5K
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast, mTORC2 consists of a...
3.5K
Insulin: The Receptor and Signaling Pathways
1.2K
Insulin action is mediated through a receptor tyrosine kinase, akin to the IGF-1 receptor. The number of receptors per cell varies significantly, from 40 on erythrocytes to 300,000 on adipocytes and hepatocytes. The insulin receptor consists of linked α/β subunit dimers, forming a heterotetramer glycoprotein with two extracellular α subunits and two β subunits spanning the membrane. The α subunits inhibit the inherent tyrosine kinase activity of the β subunits, but...
1.2K
cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways
6.3K
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) is an essential second messenger that activates protein kinase A (PKA) and regulates various biological processes. A single epinephrine molecule binds to GPCR and activates several heterotrimeric G proteins, each stimulating multiple adenylyl cyclase, amplifying the signal, and synthesizing large numbers of cAMP molecules. Small changes in cAMP concentration affect PKA activity. The binding of four cAMP molecules induces a conformational change in PKA,...
6.3K
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression
3.8K
The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
The mTOR pathway or the...
3.8K
Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion
1.2K
The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
Insulin and C-peptide are...
Insulin and C-peptide are...
1.2K
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways
6.3K
Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
6.3K


