固体瘤中的氨酸酸酶PTPN11/SHP2 - 针对性治疗的牛眼?
Xun Chen1,2, Steffen Johannes Keller1, Philipp Hafner1
1Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Center for Surgery, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Frontiers in immunology
|March 20, 2024
概括
含有Src-homology 2域的酸酶2 (SHP2) 在癌症中起着双重作用,促进固体瘤的生长,但很少发生突变. 用抑制剂向SHP2显示出癌症治疗的前景.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 由PTPN11编码的Src-homology 2域含酶2 (SHP2) 是细胞存活和增殖的关键信号集成体.
- 虽然激活PTPN11突变在固体瘤中很少见,但异常的SHP2表达/激活与瘤发育,进展和转移有关.
- SHP2影响关键通路,包括RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK,PI3K-AKT,JAK-STAT,以及PD-L1/PD-1. 这三种通路都具有关键作用.
研究的目的:
- 审查SHP2.2的分子功能.
- 总结SHP2在各种固体瘤中的重要性,包括其在瘤微环境中的作用,免疫逃脱和治疗抵抗.
- 讨论在固体瘤中准SHP2的机会和局限性,考虑正在进行的SHP2抑制剂临床试验.
主要方法:
- 文献综述和对SHP2.0的当前知识的整理.
- 对SHP2参与各种信号级联的分析.
- 在不同类型的癌症中检查SHP2的二分作用 (促进瘤与抑制瘤).
主要成果:
- SHP2表现出一个取决于环境的,二分化的作用,主要是促进固体瘤,但偶尔会抑制它们.
- 在许多固体瘤中观察到异常的SHP2活性,如肺癌,肝癌,胰腺癌和胃肠癌,质母细胞瘤和黑色素瘤.
- SHP2正在成为预后生物标志物,并且在固体瘤的临床试验中正在研究SHP2抑制剂.
结论:
- SHP2是固体瘤发病的一个重要因素,也是潜在的治疗标.
- 向SHP2,特别是与全抑制剂,为固体瘤治疗提供了一个有希望的策略,单独或组合.
- 需要进一步的研究,以充分了解SHP2的复杂作用,并优化涉及SHP2抑制的治疗策略.
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