人类在河岸地区的干扰扰乱了灰熊和鱼之间的捕食者-猎物相互作用
Megan S Adams1,2,3,4, Taal Levi5, Mathieu Bourbonnais6
1Department of Geography University of Victoria Victoria British Columbia Canada.
Ecology and evolution
|March 20, 2024
概括
人类干扰减少了灰熊 (Ursus arctos horribilis) 鱼的消费,影响了粮食安全. 即使在沿海地区的低干扰水平也会降低对这种重要食物来源的获取.
科学领域:
- 野生动物生态学野生动物生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
背景情况:
- 野生动物在获得食物和人类主导的景观中的风险之间面临着权衡.
- 人类的干扰显著影响野生动物的行为和食,对这些动态的理解有限.
- 基石捕食者与猎物的相互作用对生态系统健康至关重要,并且可能会受到人类活动的影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查人类活动对灰熊食行为的后果,特别是它们的鱼消费.
- 了解人类干扰水平与灰熊依赖加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省鱼之间的关系.
- 为减轻人类对野生动物粮食安全的影响提供管理建议.
主要方法:
- 对226个灰熊毛发样本 (1995-2014) 的稳定同位素分析.
- 评估灰熊的饮食组成,重点是鱼 (Oncorhynchus spp.) 消费,就是消费.
- 使用人类足迹指数量化人类干扰的量化在22个含鱼的流域的沿海区域.
主要成果:
- 随着人类干扰的增加,灰熊的鱼消费量显著下降,雌性鱼的消费量下降了59%.
- 即使在人类干扰水平较低的流域中也观察到减少了鱼的消费.
- 该研究发现,由于干扰,熊和鱼因干扰而分离,即使是在相对不干扰的地区.
结论:
- 人类干扰,即使在低水平,也会对灰熊获得重要的鱼资源产生负面影响.
- 河岸地区的工业活动增加对灰熊种群和生态系统营养循环构成重大威胁.
- 管理策略需要超越当前的河岸缓冲区,以解决对野生动物粮食安全的景观影响.
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