对COVID-19应用程序中的数据隐私风险进行了广泛的审查,这些应用程序具有数字疫苗接种证书
Isca Amanda1, Savannah Graffin1, Maria Adela Grando1
1College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
Digital health
|March 20, 2024
概括
这项研究审查了COVID-19数字疫苗接种应用程序,发现大多数有信息来源,但很少满足世卫组织的所有要求. 应用程序权限带来了风险,隐私政策通常很难理解.
科学领域:
- 数字健康数字健康
- 移动应用程序安全 移动应用程序安全
- 公共卫生信息学 公共卫生信息学
背景情况:
- 数字疫苗接种证书对于管理COVID-19等公共卫生危机至关重要.
- 评估这些数字健康工具的安全性和可用性对于公众的信任和有效性至关重要.
- 互操作性和数据隐私是广泛采用数字健康解决方案的关键问题.
研究的目的:
- 评估COVID-19数字疫苗接种证书移动应用程序的WHO合规性,许可风险和隐私政策清晰度.
- 分析应用程序使用与国家疫苗接种率之间的关系.
- 确定数字健康应用程序的开发和透明度需要改进的领域.
主要方法:
- 审查了来自32个国家的49个COVID-19数字疫苗接种应用程序 (2022年11月-2023年3月).
- 评估了世卫组织的疫苗接种方案合规性证明,许可累积风险评分 (PARS) 和隐私透明度指数 (PTI).
- 分析了应用程序权限,跟踪器和隐私政策可读性.
主要成果:
- 大多数应用程序 (97.96%) 具有WHO合规信息来源,但只有两个满足所有数据要求.
- 在应用程序安装和疫苗接种率之间发现了很高的相关性 (r=0.93).
- 发现了重要的应用程序权限风险 (平均PARS 28.58) 和难以阅读的隐私政策 (中等年级14级).
结论:
- 为了更好地实现数字疫苗接种证书的互操作性,需要改善世卫组织的合规性.
- 应用程序开发人员应该尽量减少权限,并提高隐私政策可读性,以获得更广泛的理解.
- 对于公共卫生应用程序,建议对应用程序许可和隐私披露制定更严格的指导方针.
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