网红酸诱导了神经干细胞C17.2的蛋白质组的特定变化
Cheng Zhang1,2, Lite Ge1,3,4, Huali Xie1
1The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, PR China.
Journal of cellular and molecular medicine
|March 20, 2024
概括
网红素酸 (RA) 通过改变细胞酸化来触发神经元分化. 这项研究确定了像Wnt/β-catenin和Hippo这样的关键信号通路,进步了对RA的理解.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 视网酸 (RA) 是一种维生素A衍生物,对神经元分化和神经递质产生至关重要.
- 关节炎对细胞酸化和下游信号通路的确切影响仍然在很大程度上是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 研究RA引起的C17.2神经干细胞 (NSC) 中的酸化变化.
- 在神经元分化过程中识别RA受影响的特定信号通路.
主要方法:
- 利用基于质谱的定性和定量蛋白质组学.
- 采用二甲基标记和TiO2基丰富来描述基蛋白质组的形状.
- 分析了酸化动机,并进行了文献调查,以确定相关的信号通路.
主要成果:
- 在自我更新细胞中确定了230种蛋白,在RA诱导细胞中确定了14种蛋白.
- 量化了177种独特的蛋白,其中70种显示出差异性酸化.
- 在RA诱导细胞中发现了循环素依赖激酶和MAPK动机的丰富.
- 与Wnt/β-catenin和Hippo信号通路相关的差异表达蛋白质.
结论:
- RA显著改变了C17.2 NSCs的蛋白质组.
- 由于RA引起的神经元分化,涉及Wnt/β-catenin和Hippo信号通路.
- 这项研究提供了关于RA介导神经元分化的分子机制的见解.
相关概念视频
02:04Covalently Linked Protein Regulators
Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein.
01:45Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting
Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
01:26Protein Modifications in the RER
Modification of secretory and transmembrane proteins entering the rough ER begins in the ER lumen. These modifications aid in protein folding and stabilize the acquired tertiary structure. Protein modifications in the rough ER co-occur at different stages of protein folding.
Broadly, these modifications can be categorized into four main categories — glycosylation, formation of disulfide bonds, assembly of protein subunits, and specific proteolytic cleavages like removal of signal sequences.
Broadly, these modifications can be categorized into four main categories — glycosylation, formation of disulfide bonds, assembly of protein subunits, and specific proteolytic cleavages like removal of signal sequences.
01:21Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins
Cell polarity is the asymmetric distribution of cellular and membrane components, making one side of the cell different from the other. This polarity is essential to many processes such as embryogenesis, axon migration, glucose transport across epithelial cells, and directional cell migration. A migrating cell responds to intracellular or extracellular signals via molecular cascades that reorganize the actin cytoskeleton to establish this polarity. In these cells, the Rho family proteins Cdc42,...
01:27Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration
Calcium is an essential signaling molecule required for various cellular functions. Calcium pumps and ion channels on cell and organellar membranes, such as those on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), regulate calcium concentrations inside the cell. They remain closed, keeping the cytosolic calcium levels low at a resting state.
Various transmembrane receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), elicit a response to extracellular signals by increasing cytosolic calcium. Activated GPCRs...
Various transmembrane receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), elicit a response to extracellular signals by increasing cytosolic calcium. Activated GPCRs...
01:30Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism
Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...