整合Fréchet距离和AI揭示了SARS-CoV-2的进化轨迹和起源
1Feinstone Center for Genomic Research, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
Journal of medical virology
|March 20, 2024
概括
这项研究引入了一种新的算法来测量基因组进化距离,揭示了SARS-CoV-2的存在.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 基因组突变改变了基因组特征,影响了进化路径并产生了变异.
- 评估基因组特征之间的进化距离有助于估计变体和祖先之间的相关性.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种新的,无对齐的算法,用于计算使用Fréchet距离 (Fr) 跨多个基因组特征的进化距离.
- 量化变种的进化状态,揭示SARS-CoV-2的进化轨迹和起源.
主要方法:
- 开发了一种新的无对齐算法,以计算跨多个基因组特征的Fréchet距离 (Fr),同时考虑序列顺序和组成.
- 将算法与人工循环神经网络 (RNN) 集成,以分析基因组序列突变和生物体变异.
主要成果:
- 该算法和RNN模型成功地揭示了SARS-CoV-2的定量进化轨迹和起源.
- SARS-CoV-2 缩短了其基因组,并突变了特征特征 (TTA,GCT) 以提高感染能力.
- 具有多个生物标志物突变的变种显示出明显增加的传染潜力,推动了大流行.
结论:
- 突变的多个特征和生物标志物描绘了子起源的SARS-CoV-2的进化轨迹.
- 这项研究追踪了SARS-CoV-2的起源轨迹,通过各种动物宿主,这表明子冠状病毒起源.
- 这种方法为了解病毒演变和流行病起源提供了新的视角.
相关概念视频
00:36Viral Mutations
32.3K
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
32.3K
02:54Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons
5.7K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
5.7K
01:09Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift
58.4K
In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).
58.4K
01:21Causality in Epidemiology
409
Causality or causation is a fundamental concept in epidemiology, vital for understanding the relationships between various factors and health outcomes. Despite its importance, there's no single, universally accepted definition of causality within the discipline. Drawing from a systematic review, causality in epidemiology encompasses several definitions, including production, necessary and sufficient, sufficient-component, counterfactual, and probabilistic models. Each has its strengths and...
409
02:31Synteny and Evolution
3.3K
John H. Renwick first coined the term “synteny” in 1971, which refers to the genes present on the same chromosomes, even if they are not genetically linked. The species with common ancestry tend to show conserved syntenic regions. Therefore, the concept of synteny is nowadays used to describe the evolutionary relationship between species.
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
3.3K
02:05Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?
7.1K
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
In contrast, regions which code...
7.1K