食纤维是病理性ILC2反应和肠道炎症的关键决定因素
Mohammad Arifuzzaman1,2,3,4, Tae Hyung Won5, Hiroshi Yano1,2,3,4
1Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University , New York, NY, USA.
The Journal of experimental medicine
|March 20, 2024
概括
食纤维改变肠道细菌,产生胆酸,驱动先天性淋巴细胞 (ILC) 中的炎症反应. 这一途径加剧肠道炎症,并与人类炎症性肠病 (IBD) 有关.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 天生的淋巴细胞 (ILCs) 在宿主防御,炎症和组织保护中发挥着关键作用.
- 已知细胞因子和神经对ILCs的调节,但饮食和微生物影响的理解较少.
研究的目的:
- 研究食物纤维和微生物群衍生信号如何调节先天性淋巴细胞 (ILCs),特别是ILC2s.
- 阐明连接饮食,微生物群和ILC反应在肠道炎症中的机制.
主要方法:
- 使用了肠道炎症的小鼠模型.
- 进行了胰岛素纤维饮食,并分析了结肠ILC种群,细胞因子生产 (IL-5,安菲瑞古林) 和免疫细胞透 (eosinophils).
- 评估了微生物群衍生胆酸 (例如,胆酸) 和它们的信号通路 (例如,FXR) 在ILC调节中的作用.
主要成果:
- 一种胰岛素纤维饮食促进了Tph1-表达炎症ILC2s (ILC2INFLAM) 产生IL-5,而不是安菲瑞古林 (AREG),导致异氨基细胞的积累.
- 这种饮食干预加剧了依赖于ILC2和埃索诺菲尔的肠炎症.
- 胰岛素诱导的胆酸,如胆酸,上调IL-33,激活ILC2s.
- 与对照人群相比,IBD患者表现出胆酸,FXR,IL-33和乙氨基酸的升高.
结论:
- 食纤维调节肠道微生物群,影响胆酸代谢和随后的ILC2反应.
- 这种饮食-微生物群-ILC2轴有助于肠道炎症,并与人类炎症性肠病 (IBD) 有关.
- 研究结果表明,针对炎症性疾病的这一轴,精准营养策略的潜力很大.
相关概念视频
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy
331
Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
331
Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells
2.6K
The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the...
2.6K
Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction
273
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
273
Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS
162
Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
162
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease
240
Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
240
T Cell Types and Functions
1.0K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
1.0K


