基于病毒载体的个性化疫苗接种的第一阶段试验引起了强大的新抗原特异性抗瘤T细胞反应
Anna Morena D'Alise1, Guido Leoni1, Gabriella Cotugno1
1Nouscom Srl, Rome, Italy.
概括
这一Ib期试验表明,个性化疫苗NOUS-PEV,结合pembrolizumab,对于转移性黑色素瘤患者是安全的和可行的. 它成功诱导了强大的新抗原特异性T细胞反应,扩大了抗瘤免疫力.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗开发 疫苗开发
背景情况:
- 针对多个新抗原 (nAgs) 的个性化疫苗提供了一种策略,通过引起多种抗瘤T细胞反应来对抗瘤异质性.
- 诺斯-PEV是一种基于载体的新型个性化疫苗,采用大猿腺病毒载体 (GAd20) 和改性疫苗安卡拉提升,旨在表达60nAgs.
研究的目的:
- 评估NOUS-PEV与 pembrolizumab结合在未经治疗的转移性黑色素瘤患者中的安全性,可行性和免疫性.
- 评估疫苗方案产生和扩大新抗原特异性T细胞反应的能力.
- 为了确定治疗耐药性的潜在生物标志物.
主要方法:
- 一个Ib期临床试验 (NCT04990479) 涉及6名以前没有接受过治疗的转移性黑色素瘤患者.
- 使用NOUS-PEV (GAd20主要,MVA提升) 与pembrolizumab结合使用.
- 通过疫苗生产和交付时间表来评估可行性;通过不良事件来评估安全性;通过T细胞反应和TCR克隆型分析来评估免疫性;在预处理活检中通过基因表达进行生物标志物分析.
主要成果:
- 疫苗方案是可行的,12种疫苗中的11种在8周内进行.
- 组合治疗是安全的,没有严重的不良事件和轻微的疫苗相关反应.
- 所有可评估的患者都表现出疫苗免疫性,具有强大的新抗原特异性CD4+和CD8+T细胞反应. 在临床反应的患者中观察到T细胞受体克隆类型的扩张和多样化,这表明瘤透.
结论:
- NOUS-PEV与pembrolizumab结合可以放大和扩大瘤反应性T细胞的谱系,促进多样化,强效和持久的抗瘤免疫反应.
- 减少激活T细胞的基因特征和抗原处理机械基因表达不良可能作为对这种治疗耐药性的生物标志物.
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