微塑料和纳米塑料:来源,行为,修复和多层次的环境影响
Yamshi Arif1, Anayat Rasool Mir1, Piotr Zieliński2
1Department of Botany, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India.
Journal of environmental management
|March 20, 2024
概括
微塑料 (MP) 和纳米塑料 (NP) 污染生态系统,通过摄入和生物积累带来风险. 打击塑料污染需要综合管理,监测和监管战略.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 生态毒理学 生态毒理学
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
背景情况:
- 塑料污染是一个普遍的全球问题,持久性微塑料 (MP) 和纳米塑料 (NP) 污染了空气,水和土壤.
- 这些颗粒,从<1微米到5毫米,很容易被生物吸收,导致整个食物网的生物积累和生物放大.
- 塑料的环境持久性和碎片化对生物多样性和生态系统健康构成重大威胁.
研究的目的:
- 审查MP和NP的来源,环境命运,退化,碎片化,运输和生态毒性.
- 阐明塑料颗粒对海洋生物,土壤生物,植物,哺乳动物和人类的有害影响.
- 突出整治技术和塑料废物管理的全球政策.
主要方法:
- 关于微塑料和纳米塑料现有研究的综合文献综述.
- 分析了有关MP和NP在各种环境组件中的存在,分布和影响的数据.
- 综合有关生态毒性,补救策略和立法措施的信息.
主要成果:
- 众议员和NP来自不同的来源,在陆地和水中无处不在.
- 摄入MP和NP会导致生物积累和生物放大,在包括人类在内的多个营养水平上有记录的不良影响.
- 有效的管理需要技术,监管和政策干预的结合.
结论:
- 塑料颗粒对环境健康和所有生命形式构成重大和复杂的威胁.
- 解决塑料污染问题需要综合战略,包括废物管理,监测和强有力的监管框架.
- 进一步的研究和全球合作对于减轻微塑料和纳米塑料的影响至关重要.
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