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相关概念视频

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

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The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
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Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

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The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

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Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
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Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells01:15

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Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 30, 2025

VDJ-Seq: Deep Sequencing Analysis of Rearranged Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Gene to Reveal Clonal Evolution Patterns of B Cell Lymphoma
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癌症中的B细胞克隆性

E A Bryushkova1, N V Mushenkova2, M A Turchaninova3

  • 1Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Russia; Department of Molecular Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.

Seminars in immunology
|March 20, 2024
PubMed
概括

瘤透B细胞 (TIL-B) 在癌症中具有双重作用. 了解它们的各种功能和特异性是开发有效的免疫疗法以进行个性化癌症治疗的关键.

关键词:
抗体异型类型的抗体.B细胞在癌症中的作用对瘤抗原的幽默反应

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科学领域:

  • 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
  • 在瘤学瘤学.
  • 癌症研究 癌症研究

背景情况:

  • 癌症发生涉及瘤细胞和免疫环境,受免疫系统在淋巴细胞中的错误影响.
  • 瘤透B细胞 (TIL-B) 可以促进或抑制瘤生长,但它们的确切作用尚未完全理解.
  • 癌症类型和个体免疫反应的异质性使TIL-B功能的研究变得复杂.

研究的目的:

  • 探索B细胞在瘤微环境中的功能多样性和多方面的作用.
  • 阐明不同特异性和功能的克隆B细胞系对癌症的影响机制.
  • 突出需要对B细胞表型和抗原特异性进行详细的研究,以开发免疫疗法.

主要方法:

  • 关于瘤透B细胞及其在瘤微环境中的相互作用的现有文献的审查.
  • 分析B细胞的功能多样性和表型特征.
  • 检查决定B细胞和免疫球蛋白功能的抗原特异性.

主要成果:

  • 瘤透B细胞 (TIL-B) 显示出前瘤和抗瘤活动.
  • 不同的克隆性B细胞系对癌症进展的具体贡献在很大程度上尚不清楚.
  • 了解B细胞异质性对于预测它们对瘤免疫力的影响至关重要.

结论:

  • 进一步研究克隆异质B细胞的功能性质和表型是必不可少的.
  • 详细了解B细胞的特异性可以指导新型向免疫疗法的开发.
  • 根据对瘤微环境中B细胞作用的全面理解,调整现有治疗方法对于患者子组至关重要.