英国一家发电公司的SARS-CoV-2感染风险因素:一个测试负设计病例控制研究
Charlotte E Rutter1, Martie van Tongeren2,3, Tony Fletcher4
1Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK charlotte.rutter1@lshtm.ac.uk.
Occupational and environmental medicine
|March 20, 2024
概括
在英国的电力工人中研究了SARS-CoV-2 (导致COVID-19的病毒) 感染的职场风险因素. 感染风险与工作类型无关,但在工地中断和症状测试期间更高.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染病监测 传染病监测 传染病
背景情况:
- 了解SARS-CoV-2的工作场所传播动态对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
- 电力发电行业呈现独特的职业环境,有可能面临各种风险.
研究的目的:
- 在英国一家发电公司的员工中确定与SARS-CoV-2感染相关的特定工作场所风险因素.
- 分析职位类别,地点特征,测试原因和其他变量对感染风险的影响.
主要方法:
- 采用了测试负的设计病例控制研究,分析了公司员工的COVID-19测试数据.
- 感染的几率比率 (OR) 根据工作类别,地点,测试原因,性别,疫苗接种状态,脆弱性,站点中断和站点COVID-19风险评级进行估计.
- 根据年龄,测试日期和测试类型进行了调整,以控制混因素.
主要成果:
- 在 80,077 个初始测试中,包括了 70,646 个. 症状测试 (OR=94.99) 和亲密接触测试 (OR=16.73) 与常规测试相比显示出明显更高的阳性率.
- 虽然大多数职位类别都表现出类似的风险,但特定地点的感染风险明显较低 (三个地点) 或较高 (一个地点).
- 女性比男性更不可能呈阳性测试 (OR=0.71).
结论:
- 工作类别不是SARS-CoV-2感染风险的重要预测因素.
- 在网站中断期间和有症状的个体中观察到风险增加. 易受伤害的个体的风险略低一些.
- 疫苗接种状态没有明显影响阳性测试,现场COVID-19风险评级与阳性趋势没有相关性.
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