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怀孕期间的病毒感染和对后代神经发育的影响:机制和经验教训

Emma F Yates¹, Sarah B Mulkey^2,3,4

¹Frank H. Netter School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University, North Haven, CT, USA.

Pediatric research

|March 21, 2024

概括

怀孕期间的病毒感染可能会导致父母和孩子的并发症. 孕产妇发烧和炎症增加后代发育和神经行为障碍的风险,强调需要进一步研究.

科学领域:

产科和妇科产科和妇科
儿科儿科儿科
传染性疾病传染性疾病

背景情况:

怀孕期间的病毒感染对孕产妇发病率和不良怀孕/新生儿结果构成风险.
孕产妇发烧和炎症与后代的神经发育问题有关,包括自闭症和ADHD.
过去的流行病缺乏全面的后代随访,需要当前的研究.

研究的目的:

检查怀孕期间病毒感染对母亲和后代健康的影响.
了解母亲发烧性疾病/炎症和后代神经发育风险之间的相关性.
为社区准备好照顾暴露于产前病毒感染的儿童提供信息.

主要方法:

历史病毒流行病的审查及其对妊娠结果的影响.
对将母体感染 (流感,寨卡病毒,SARS-CoV-2) 与后代健康联系起来的数据进行分析.
检查人类和动物模型对产前感染对神经发育的影响.

主要成果:

暴露于流感病毒的婴儿表现出先天性形和神经精神疾病的风险增加.
在子宫内暴露的寨卡病毒可能会导致小头症和以后出现的神经发育迟缓.
产前接触SARS-CoV-2可能与婴儿发育迟缓有关.

结论:

怀孕期间的病毒感染显著影响母亲和后代的健康.
产前暴露于母亲发烧和炎症会增加儿童神经发育和神经行为障碍的风险.
纵向研究对于了解产前病毒暴露对神经发育的长期影响至关重要,特别是SARS-CoV-2流行后.

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