对眼睛跟踪对心理学实验行为影响的检查
Darrell A Worthy1, Joanna N Lahey2, Samuel L Priestley2
1Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA. worthyda@tamu.edu.
Behavior research methods
|March 21, 2024
概括
眼睛跟踪技术通常不会导致参与者改变他们的行为,称为霍桑效应. 然而,在涉及风险决策的混合博任务中观察到这种效应.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 眼球追踪越来越多地用于研究人类的认知和行为.
- 霍桑效应,即参与者在被观察时改变行为,可能会影响眼睛跟踪研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查眼睛跟踪是否会在常见的心理评估中诱导霍桑效应.
- 为了确定参与者在敏感任务期间意识到眼睛跟踪时,是否会改变他们的行为.
主要方法:
- 在六个心理尺度和五个行为任务中检查了霍桑效应.
- 包括测量博行为,种族偏见,个性,工作记忆和执行注意力的任务.
- 在眼睛跟踪条件下与非眼睛跟踪条件下比较参与者的行为.
主要成果:
- 在大多数心理尺度和行为任务中没有观察到霍桑效应.
- 在混合博任务中发现了显著的霍桑效应.
- 眼睛追踪的参与者接受的预期价值较低的博较少,反应较慢.
结论:
- 在大多数标准的心理实验室任务中,眼睛跟踪不太可能引起霍桑效应.
- 在风险决策任务中存在已知的概率可能会在眼睛跟踪过程中引起霍桑效应.
- 研究人员应注意在特定实验环境中潜在的行为变化.
相关概念视频
02:30Naturalistic Observations
If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
02:07Blind Procedures
Ideally, the people who observe and record the children’s behavior are unaware of who was assigned to the experimental or control group, in order to control for experimenter bias. Experimenter bias refers to the possibility that a researcher’s expectations might skew the results of the study. Remember, conducting an experiment requires a lot of planning, and the people involved in the research project have a vested interest in supporting their hypotheses. If the observers knew which child was...