探索黑人自闭症青少年诊断时间的因素
Harlee Onovbiona1, Lauren Quetsch2, Emily-Anne Del Rosario2
1Department of Psychological Science, University of Arkansas, 306 Memorial Hall, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA. honovbio@uark.edu.
Journal of autism and developmental disorders
|March 21, 2024
概括
在黑人青年中延迟自闭症识别与晚些时候识别症状和更高的误诊率有关. 提高自闭症知识和文化响应实践对于及时诊断至关重要.
科学领域:
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
- 发育儿科 发育儿科
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 早期识别自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 对干预的有效性至关重要.
- 黑人自闭症青少年在诊断时间上经历了差异.
- 了解影响诊断时间表的因素对于公平护理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 根据识别时间:早期 (≤2岁),中期 (3-4岁) 和延迟 (≥5岁) 来比较黑人家庭与自闭症青年的诊断资料.
- 确定有助于该群体早期和延迟识别ASD的特征.
主要方法:
- 一项对101名自闭症青年的黑人照顾者的比较研究,分为早期,中期和延迟诊断组.
- 数据收集的年龄注意到迹象,等待时间,错误诊断率,和经历的种族障碍.
主要成果:
- 延迟诊断组较晚发现自闭症症状,等待时间更长.
- 错误诊断显著增加了延迟自闭症诊断的几率 (几乎是三倍).
- 在诊断时间组之间没有发现种族障碍的显著差异.
结论:
- 及时诊断黑人自闭症青少年仍然是一个挑战,误诊是一个重要的障碍.
- 未来的研究应侧重于提高专业人士和照顾者的自闭症知识,改进评估实践,并整合文化响应性护理,以促进早期识别.
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