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患有先天性心脏病的初生妇女的母乳养 - - 一项登记研究
Ylva Holstad1, Bengt Johansson2, Maria Lindqvist3,4
1Department of Nursing, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. ylva.holstad@umu.se.
International breastfeeding journal
|March 21, 2024
概括
大多数患有先天性心脏病 (CHD) 的孕妇母乳养,但母乳养率低于没有CHD的孕妇. 诸如早产和精神疾病等因素会影响母乳养的成功,需要有针对性的支持.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 产科 产科 产科 产科 产科
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 在患有先天性心脏病 (CHD) 的妇女中,怀孕的发生率越来越高.
- 患有心血管疾病的妇女怀孕会增加母亲和胎儿并发症的风险.
- 心血管疾病及其相关风险对母乳养结果的潜在影响.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较患有心脏病和没有心脏病的初始孕妇的母乳养率.
- 为了确定阻碍母乳养的因素,在患有心脏病的初生妇女中.
主要方法:
- 来自瑞典先天性心脏病登记 (SWEDCON) 和瑞典怀孕登记 (2014-2019) 的数据合并.
- 匹配的队列研究:有578名患有心血管疾病的女性与3049名没有心血管疾病的女性 (年龄,市镇匹配).
- 多变量后勤回归用于分析与非母乳养相关的因素.
主要成果:
- 在患有心血管疾病的妇女中,在产后2天 (94%对97%) 和4周 (84%对89%) 观察到更低的母乳养率.
- 在这两个时间点上,心脏病本身与不母乳养有关.
- 对于患有心脏病的女性来说,BMI≥30,早产,精神病史,对于妊娠年龄来说小,NYHAII-III类等因素与2天的不母乳养有关;BMI≥30,精神病史和4周的早产.
结论:
- 虽然大多数患有心血管疾病的妇女母乳养,但与对照组相比,这一比例略低一些.
- 心脏病的严重程度 (NYHA类) 并不是在产后4周不母乳养的重要因素.
- 过早分娩,高BMI和精神疾病需要加强对患有心脏病的妇女的母乳养支持.
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