土地表面模型的应用,以经济和环保优化化肥和灌
Fei Wang1,2, Jingchun Fang2,3, Lei Yao4
1Institute of Agricultural Information and Economics, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 23788, Industrial North Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250010, China.
Heliyon
|March 21, 2024
概括
通过土地表面模型 (LSMs) 优化农业投入,可以提高作物产量和农场利,同时最大限度地减少对环境的影响. 这项研究发现,目前北中国平原的肥和灌做法过度,表明需要科学资源管理.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 气候建模气候模型
背景情况:
- 土地表面模型 (LSMs) 在各种气候场景下提供了优化农业实践的潜力.
- 小微企业现有的作物模块发展不足,限制了它们在优化施肥和灌方面的应用.
- 北中国平原 (NCP) 是密集农业的关键地区,在资源管理方面面临挑战.
研究的目的:
- 使用CLM5-Crop LSM.在NCP中优化玉米和小麦种植的施肥和灌 (FI) 时间表.
- 确定最经济和环境友好的FI投入.
- 将基于模型的最佳FI与NCP当前的农业实践进行比较.
主要方法:
- 利用CLM5-Crop LSM在不同的FI情景下模拟玉米和小麦的生长.
- 采用多目标优化,考虑作物产量,农场毛利率 (FGM),使用效率 (NUE),用水效率 (WUE) 和土壤泄漏.
- 优化FI输入与NCP的实际FI使用量进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 确定最大化农场毛利率的最佳FI输入为230 ± 75.8公斤N ha-1和玉米20 ± 44.7毫米;小麦137.5 ± 25公斤N ha-1和362.5 ± 47.9毫米.
- 多目标优化产生了略有不同的最佳FI值,表明不同指标之间的权衡.
- 目前的化肥和灌实践在NCP中超过了玉米和小麦种植的最佳水平.
结论:
- 小微企业,特别是CLM5-Crop,可以有效地指导优化肥料和灌,以实现可持续农业.
- 对肥料和水资源的科学配置对于在密集农业地区实现经济和环境效益至关重要.
- 该研究强调了小微企业在为改善资源管理和减少环境影响的农业政策和实践提供信息方面的潜力.
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