哈扎普雷沃特拉 (Prevotella) 需要饮食来源的微生物群可访问的碳水化合物在小鼠中持续存在
Rebecca H Gellman1, Matthew R Olm1, Nicolas Terrapon2
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Cell reports
|March 21, 2024
概括
工业化重新塑造了肠道微生物群,使细菌类比Prevotella更受青. 我们的研究表明,Prevotella需要植物碳水化合物 (MAC) 才能生存,这解释了它在现代饮食中的下降.
科学领域:
- 微生物组研究的研究.
- 人类进化人类的进化.
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 工业化的饮食改变了肠道微生物群的组成,相对于Bacteroides,减少了Prevotella.
- 哈扎狩猎采集者表现出高的Prevotella流行率,提供了对工业化前肠道生态系统的洞察力.
研究的目的:
- 调查来自哈扎狩猎采集者的Prevotella和Bacteroides菌株的饮食要求.
- 了解驱动Prevotella在工业化人口中流行率降低的机制.
主要方法:
- 从哈扎个体中分离了Prevotella和Bacteroides菌株.
- 碳水化合物代谢和殖民化的体内和体外分析.
- 与碳水化合物降解相关的基因含量和表达的比较分析.
主要成果:
- 普雷沃特拉·科普里 (Prevotella copri) 需要植物衍生微生物群可获取的碳水化合物 (MACs) 来实现体内持久性,这与Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron不同.
- 哈扎普雷沃特拉菌株专注于植物碳水化合物降解,而哈扎细菌类利用植物和宿主衍生的碳水化合物.
- 缺乏MACs的饮食消除了与B. thetaiotaomicron.竞争中的P. copri殖民.
结论:
- 普雷沃特拉对植物衍生MAC的依赖以及细菌类对宿主碳水化合物的适应性解释了普雷沃特拉在工业化社会中的衰退.
- 饮食变化显著影响肠道微生物的组成和功能.
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