在中国的移民人口中,异酸耐药结核病及其相关因素的空间模式:一项基于人口的回顾性研究
Hongyin Zhang1, Ruoyao Sun1, Zheyuan Wu2,3
1School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Frontiers in public health
|March 21, 2024
概括
在上海,主要在西南地区,确定了对异化耐药,对利芬素敏感的结核病 (Hr-TB) 热点. 老年人和内部移民是与Hr-TB流行相关的关键因素,需要有针对性的干预措施.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 空间分析 空间分析
背景情况:
- 耐伊索尼亚,耐利芬易感性结核病 (Hr-TB) 是一个全球性的健康问题,也是多抗药性结核病 (MDR-TB) 的前身.
- 了解HR-TB的空间分布和风险因素对于有效的干预策略至关重要.
- 上海在管理Hr-TB方面面临挑战,需要进行本地流行病学分析.
研究的目的:
- 在县级分析上海Hr-TB的空间模式.
- 确定与Hr-TB相关的社会经济,人口和医疗保健因素.
- 为预防和控制HR-TB提供有针对性的公共卫生干预信息.
主要方法:
- 在上海 (2010-2016) 对结核病患者进行了药物敏感性测试 (DST) 结果的回顾性研究.
- 使用全球莫兰的I和Getis-Ord统计数据进行空间自相关分析.
- 使用R软件 (INLA包) 开发的带有空间效应的贝叶斯层次模型.
主要成果:
- 总共分析了8,865名结核病患者的DST结果.
- 在758名患者 (8.53%) 中发现了HR-TB,其中82.06%是新病例.
- 在上海西南部确定了Hr-TB的热点,与老年人,内部移民和医疗保健接入有关.
结论:
- 在上海观察到Hr-TB分布的显著空间异质性.
- 国内移民人口和老年人被认为是导致HR-TB热点的关键因素.
- 建议在高风险地区采取有针对性的干预措施,以制Hr-TB并防止MDR-TB的进展.
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